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NCERT Exemplar · Class 12 · Biology

Chapter 1: Reproduction in Organisms

Practice each question, then open the answer or worked solution.

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Multiple Choice Questions

18 questions
Q1Multiple choice

A few statements describing certain features of reproduction are given

below:

i. Gametic fusion takes place

ii. Transfer of genetic material takes place

iii. Reduction division takes place

iv. Progeny have some resemblance with parents

Select the options that are true for both asexual and sexual reproduction from the options given below:

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Correct option: C
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Ans: The correct answer is option (c) ii & iv

Gametic fusion & reductional division (meiosis) does not occurs in case of asexual  reproduction.


Q2Multiple choice

The term ‘clone’ cannot be applied to offspring formed by sexual reproduction because:

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Correct option: A
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Ans: The correct answer is option (a).

Clone is defined as the photocopy of something or someone. This term does not apply in case of sexual reproduction because in this case an offspring is the result of fusion of gametes that comes from both the parents' side & variation is because of crossing over.


Q3Multiple choice

Asexual method of reproduction by binary fission is common to which of the following?

i. Some eukaryotes

ii. All eukaryotes

iii. Some prokaryotes

iv. All prokaryotes

Choose the correct option from the following:

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Correct option: C
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Ans: The correct answer is option (c) Some prokaryotes & some eukaryotes.

There are varieties of methods of asexual reproduction such as binary fission, budding, multiple fission etc. occurs in prokaryotes similarly in case of eukaryotes few can reproduce by sexual , few by asexual means and few can reproduce by both the method.


Q4Multiple choice

A few statements with regard to sexual reproduction are given below:

i. Sexual reproduction does not always require two individuals

ii. Sexual reproduction generally involves gametic fusion

iii. Meiosis never occurs during sexual reproduction

iv. External fertilization is a rule during sexual reproduction

Choose the correct statements from the options below:

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Correct option: B
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Worked solution

Ans: The correct answer is option (b) i & ii

In case of bisexual individual sexual reproduction can perform by the single individual as this kind of individuals are capable enough for the production of both the type of gametes. Gametic fusion occurs in the sexual mode of reproduction. Meiosis always occurs in sexual reproduction. External fertilization is not the rule of sexual reproduction.


Q5Multiple choice

A multicellular, filamentous alga exhibits a type of sexual life cycle in which the meiotic division occurs after the formation of zygote. The adult

filament of this alga has

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Correct option: D
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Ans: The correct answer is option (d).

Many species of algae show a haplontic life cycle. In this case the dominant phase is represented by free living gametophyte & sporophytic generation is represented by zygote that undergoes meiosis & results in the formation of spores.


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Q6Multiple choice

The male gametes of rice plants have 12 chromosomes in their nucleus. The chromosome number in the female gamete, zygote and the cells of the seedling will be, respectively,

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Correct option: C
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Ans: The correct answer is option (c) 12, 24, 24.

Gamete-: It is the result of reductional division, that results in reduction of chromosome no. to half.

Zygote-: It is the result of fusion of gametes, hence the chromosome no. becomes double in comparison to gametes.

Seedling-: It is the young plant that develops from seed.


Q7Multiple choice

Given below are a few statements related to external fertilization. Choose the correct statements.

i. The male and female gametes are formed and released simultaneously

ii. Only a few gametes are released into the medium

iii. Water is the medium in a majority of organisms exhibiting external fertilization

iv. Offspring formed as a result of external fertilization have better chance of survival than those formed inside an organism

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Correct option: B
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Ans: The correct answer is option (b) i & iii

External fertilization is the process which involves the fusion of gametes outside the body of living organisms. Both the sexes release their gametes outside the body in the external environment that is the water in most of the cases.

All the gametes are released into the medium that increases the chances of fertilization. In case of external fertilization, the chance of survival is very less because the development of the offspring occurs outside the body & chances of predation will be very high.


Q8Multiple choice

The statements given below describe certain features that are observed in the pistil of flowers.

i. Pistil may produce more than one seed

ii. Each carpel may have more than one ovule

iii. Each carpel has only one ovule

iv. Pistil have only one carpel

Choose the statements that are true from the options below:

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Correct option: A
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Ans: The correct answer is option (a) i and ii 

Gynoecium is the female reproductive part of the flower. The unit of gynoecium is called pistil. A pistil contains one or more carpels & each carpel can be provided with one or more than one ovule.


Q9Multiple choice

Which of the following situations correctly describe the similarity between an angiosperm egg and a human egg?

i. Eggs of both are formed only once in a lifetime

ii. Both the angiosperm egg and human egg are stationary

iii. Both the angiosperm egg and human egg are mobile

iv. Syngamy in both results in the formation of zygote

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

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Correct option: B
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Ans: The correct answer is option (b) iv only    

Both the humans & angiospermic plants are active throughout their reproductive phase, hence eggs are formed many times in their lifetime. In case of human’s eggs travel from ovary to the fallopian tubes. In case of angiospermic plants eggs are stationary.


Q10Multiple choice

Appearance of vegetative propagules from the nodes of plants such as sugarcane and ginger is mainly because:

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Correct option: B
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Ans: The correct answer is option (b).

Meristematic cells have the ability to control the growth, development of tissues & the organs in plants. As soon as the nodes come in contact with the damp soil, they produce roots that ultimately give rise to new plants.