Chapter 5: Morphology of Flowering Plants

Q1Written answer

Roots obtain oxygen from the air in the soil for respiration. In the absence or

deficiency of O2, root growth is restricted or completely stopped. How do

the plants growing in marshlands or swamps obtain their O2 required

for root respiration?

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In some plants, such as Rhizophora growing in swampy areas, many roots come out of the ground and grow vertically upwards. Such roots, called pneumatophores, help to get oxygen for respiration.

Q2Written answer

Write the floral formula for a flower, which is bisexual, actinomorphic, pentamerous sepal, petal, stamens free with the ovary, syncarpous, superior, and trilocular with axile placentation.

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NCERT Exemplar Solutions of Class 11 Biology Chapter 5 Morphology of Flowering Plants-1

Q3Written answer

In Opuntia, the stem is modified into a flattened green structure to perform the function of leaves (i.e., photosynthesis). Cite two other examples of modifications of plant parts for photosynthesis.

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In Australian Acacia, the petiole takes the shape of the leaf and turns green to perform the function of photosynthesis.

The stem, i.e., about one internode long, modifies into a leaf-like structure to carry out photosynthesis, as in Asparagus.

Q4Written answer

In swampy areas like the Sunderbans in West Bengal, plants bear special kind of roots called _____________.

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In swampy areas like the Sunderbans in West Bengal, plants bear special kinds of roots called pneumatophores.

Q5Written answer

In aquatic plants like Pistia and Eichhornia, leaves and roots are found near _____________.

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In aquatic plants like Pistia and Eichhornia, leaves and roots are found near Node.

Q6Written answer

Reticulate and parallel venation is characteristic of _____________ and _____________, respectively.

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Reticulate and parallel venation is characteristic of dicotyledons and monocotyledons, respectively.

Q7Written answer

Which parts in ginger and onion are edible?

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In ginger, the edible part is a rhizome which is a modified shoot that stores food materials. The edible part of the onion is fleshy scale leaves.

Q8Written answer

In the epigynous flower, the ovary is situated below the _____________.

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In an epigynous flower, the ovary is situated below the sepals, petals and androecium.

Q9Written answer

Add the missing floral organs of the given floral formula of Fabaceae.

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The given floral formula lacks Corolla. The floral formula of the family Fabaceae is
NCERT Exemplar Solutions of Class 11 Biology Chapter 5 Morphology of Flowering Plants-3

Q10Written answer

Name the body part modified for food storage in the following

a. Carrot __________________________

b. Colocasia __________________________

c. Sweet potato __________________________

d. Asparagus __________________________

e. Radish __________________________

f. Potato __________________________

g. Dahlia __________________________

h. Turmeric __________________________

i. Gladiolus __________________________

j. Ginger __________________________

k. Portulaca __________________________

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Worked solution

a. Carrot – Root

b. Colocasia – Stem

c. Sweet potato – Root

d. Asparagus – Root

e. Radish – Root

f. Potato – Stem

g. Dahlia – Root

h. Turmeric – Stem

i. Gladiolus – Stem

j. Ginger – Stem

k. Portulaca – Root

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