Chapter 7: Fractions

(a) First circle shows 3 shaded parts out of 8 equal parts. Hence, the fraction is 3 / 8

Second circle shows 6 shaded parts out of 8 equal parts. Hence, the fraction is 6 / 8

Third circle shows 4 shaded parts out of 8 equal parts. Hence, the fraction is 4 / 8

Fourth circle shows 1 shaded parts out of 8 equal parts. Hence, the fraction is 1 / 8

The arranged fractions are:

1 / 8 < 3 / 8 < 4 / 8 < 6 / 8

(b) First square shows 8 shaded parts out of 9 equal parts. Hence, the fraction is 8 / 9

Second square shows 4 shaded parts out of 9 equal parts. Hence, the fraction is 4 / 9

Third square shows 3 shaded parts out of 9 equal parts. Hence, the fraction is 3 / 9

Fourth square shows 6 shaded parts out of 9 equal parts. Hence, the fraction is 6 / 9

The arranged fractions are:

3 / 9 < 4 / 9 < 6 / 9 < 8 / 9

(c) Each unit length should be divided into 6 equal parts to represent the fractions 2 / 6, 4 / 6, 8 / 6 and

6 / 6 on number line. These fractions can be represented as follows:

5 / 6 > 2 / 6

3 / 6 > 0

1 / 6 < 6 / 6

8 / 6 > 5 / 6

(a) Here both fractions have same denominators. So, the fraction with greater numerator is the highest factor

∴ 3 / 6 < 5 / 6

(b) Multiply by 4

1 / 7 = (1 × 4) / (7 × 4)

= 4 / 28

Multiply by 7

1 / 4 = (1 × 7) / (4 × 7)

= 7 / 28

Here 4 < 7

∴ 1 / 7 < 1 / 4

(c) Here both fractions have same denominators. So, the fraction with greater numerator is the highest factor

∴ 4 / 5 < 5 / 5

(d) Here both numerators are same. So, the fraction having less denominator will be the highest factor

∴ 3 / 7 < 3 / 5

(a) 5 / 8 < 6 / 8

Here, the denominators are same. So, the fraction having greater numerator is the highest factor

(ii) 5 / 8 > 2 / 8

Here, the denominators are same. So, the fraction having greater numerator is the highest factor

(iii) 6 / 13 > 6 / 18

Here, the numerators are same. So, the fraction having lesser denominator will be the highest factor

(iv) 5 / 25 > 3 / 25

Here, the denominators are same. So, the fraction having greater numerator is the highest factor

(v) 9 / 50 < 9 / 45

Here, the numerators are same. So, the fraction having lesser denominator will be the highest factor

(a) Here, the numerators are same. So, the fraction having lesser denominator is the greater

∴ 1 / 6 < 1 / 3

(b) 3 / 4 = (3 × 3) / (4 × 3)

= 9 / 12

2 / 6 = (2 × 2) / (6 × 2)

= 4 / 12

Between 4 / 12, 9 / 12

Both fractions have same denominators. So, the fraction having greater numerator will be the greater

∴ 9 / 12 > 4 / 12

3 / 4 > 2 / 6

(c) Here, the numerators are same. So, the fraction having lesser denominator is the greater

∴ 2 / 3 > 2 / 4

(d) We get 6 / 6 = 1 and 3 / 3 = 1

So, 6 / 6 = 3 / 3

(e) Here, the numerators are same. So, the fraction having lesser denominator is the greater

∴ 5 / 6 < 5 / 5

(a) Here, the numerators are same. So, the fraction having lesser denominator is greater

∴ 1 / 2 > 1 / 5

(b) 2 / 4 = 1 / 2 and 3 / 6 = 1 / 2

∴ 2 / 4 = 3 / 6

(c) 3 / 5 = (3 × 3) / (5 × 3)

= 9 / 15

2 / 3 = (2 × 5) / 3 × 5)

= 10 / 15

Here, between 9 / 15 and 10 / 15 both have same denominators. Hence, the fraction having greater numerator will be the greater.

∴ 3 / 5 < 2 / 3

(d) Here, 2 / 8 = 1 / 4

As, 3 / 4 and 1 / 4 have same denominators. Hence, the fraction having greater numerator will be the greater

∴ 3 / 4 > 2 / 8

(e) Here, the denominators are same. So, the fraction having greater numerator will be the greater

∴ 3 / 5 < 6 / 5

(f) Here, the denominators are same. So, the fraction having greater numerator will be the greater

∴ 7 / 9 > 3 / 9

(g) We know 2 / 8 = 1 / 4

Hence, 1 / 4 = 2 / 8

(h) 6 / 10 = (3 × 2) / (5 × 2)

= 3 / 5

Between 3 / 5 and 4 / 5

Both have same denominators. So, the fraction having greater numerator will be greater

∴ 6 / 10 < 4 / 5

(i) 3 / 4 = (3 × 2) / (4 × 2)

= 6 / 8

Between 6 / 8 and 7 / 8

Both have same denominators. So, the fraction having greater numerator will be greater

∴ 3 / 4 < 7 / 8

(j) 6 / 10 = (3 × 2) / (5 × 2)

= 3 / 5

∴ 6 / 10 = 3 / 5

(k) 5 / 7 = (5 × 3) / (7 × 3)

= 15 / 21

∴ 5 / 7 = 15 / 21

(a) 2 / 12 = (1 × 2) / (6 × 2)

= 1 / 6

(b) 3 / 15 = (1 × 3) / (5 × 3)

= 1 / 5

(c) 8 / 50 = (4 × 2) / (25 × 2)

= 4 / 25

(d) 16 / 100 = (4 × 4) / (25 × 4)

= 4 / 25

(e) 10 / 60 = (1 × 10) / (6 × 10)

= 1 / 6

(f) 15 / 75 = (1 × 15) / (5 × 15)

= 1 / 5

(g) 12 / 60 = (1 × 12) / (5 × 12)

= 1 / 5

(h) 16 / 96

= (1 × 16) / (6 × 16)

= 1 / 6

(i) 12 / 75 = (4 × 3) / (25 × 3)

= 4 / 25

(j) 12 / 72 = (1 × 12) / 6 × 12)

= 1 / 6

(k) 3 / 18 = (1 × 3) / (6 × 3)

= 1 / 6

(l) 4 / 25

Totally there are 3 groups of equivalent fractions.

1 / 6 = (a), (e), (h), (j), (k)

1 / 5 = (b), (f), (g)

4 / 25 = (c), (d), (i), (l)

(a) 5 / 9, 4 / 5

Convert these fractions into like fractions

5 / 9 = (5 / 9) × (5 / 5)

= 25 / 45

4 / 5 = (4 / 5) × (9 / 9)

= 36 / 45

∴ 25 / 45 ≠ 36 / 45

Hence, 5 / 9 is not equal to 4 / 5

(b) 9 / 16, 5 / 9

Convert into like fractions

9 / 16 = (9 / 16) × (9 / 9)

= 81 / 144

5 / 9 = (5 / 9) × (16 / 16)

= 80 / 144

∴ 81 / 144 ≠ 80 / 144

Hence, 9 / 16 is not equal to 5 / 9

(c) 4 / 5, 16 / 20

16 / 20 = (4 × 4) / (5 × 4)

= 4 / 5

∴ 4 / 5 = 16 / 20

Hence, 4 / 5 is equal to 16 / 20

(d) 1 / 15, 4 / 30

4 / 30 = (2 × 2) / (15 × 2)

= 2 / 15

∴ 1 / 15 ≠ 4 / 30

Hence, 1 / 15 is not equal to 4 / 30

Total number of pages a book has = 100 pages

Lalita read = 2 / 5 × 100 = 40 pages

Ila read = 25 pages

∴ Ila read less than Lalita.

Rafiq exercised = 3 / 6 of an hour

Rohit exercised = 3 / 4 of a hour

3 / 6, 3 / 4

Convert these into like fractions

3 / 6 = (3 × 2) / (6 × 2)

= 6 / 12

3 / 4 = (3 × 3) / (4 × 3)

= 9 / 12

Clearly, 9 / 12 > 6 / 12

∴ 3 / 4 > 3 / 6

Therefore Rohit exercised for a longer time than Rafiq.

Total number of students in Class A = 25

Students passed in first class in Class A = 20

Hence, fraction = 20 / 25

= 4 / 5

Total number of students in Class B = 30

Students passed in first class in Class B = 24

Hence, fraction = 24 / 30

= 4 / 5

∴ An equal fraction of students passed in first class in both the classes