Chapter 2: Acids, Bases and Salt

Solution: In order to find the hydrogen ion concentration, we can use the rule that states, “The pH of any solution is inversely proportional to the hydrogen ion concentration.” Therefore, it means that the solution that has a lower pH number will have a higher hydrogen ion concentration. Hence, solution A will have a higher hydrogen ion concentration. In addition, solution B will be basic, and A will be acidic.

Solution: Hydrogen ion concentration decides the nature of the solution. If Hydrogen ion concentration increase, then the solution turns acidic and similarly, if Hydrogen ion concentration decreases, then the solution turns basic.

Solution: Basic solutions have H⁺ ions, but hydroxide ions present in basic solution are more in basic solution. Hence, Hydroxide ions turn the solution into basic.

Solution: If the soil is acidic in nature (PH below 7), then such fields should be treated with quick lime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or chalk (calcium carbonate).