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1
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the shares of sectoral FDI inflow to India in different years (figures in percentage). Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Among the four sectors mentioned below, the increase in share of FDI inflow between the terminal years 2007 and 2012 has been HIGHEST for
2
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the shares of sectoral FDI inflow to India in different years (figures in percentage). Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Over 2007 to 2012, the simple average share of FDI inflows has been SECOND LOWEST for
3
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the shares of sectoral FDI inflow to India in different years (figures in percentage). Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Identify the FALSE Statement from the following sentences
4
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the shares of sectoral FDI inflow to India in different years (figures in percentage). Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Identify the TRUE alternative from the given options based on the following statements i. In 2011, the construction development sector was ranked fifth in terms of percentage share of FDI inflow in the country ii. In 2009, the Computer Software and Hardware sector was ranked sixth in terms of percentage share of FDI inflow in the country iii. In 2012, the drugs and pharmaceuticals sector was ranked fourth lowest from the bottom in terms of percentage share of FDI inflow in the country
5
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the shares of sectoral FDI inflow to India in different years (figures in percentage). Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Mark the HIGHEST figure among the following options
6
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the shares of India’s export basket to different regions (figures in percentage). Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Among the four options mentioned below, export share of India witnessed HIGHEST year-to-year decline in absolute terms in which of the region-period combinations?
7
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the shares of India’s export basket to different regions (figures in percentage). Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Among the four options mentioned below, for which region have the export shares declined maximum number of times in a year-on-year basis?
8
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the shares of India’s export basket to different regions (figures in percentage). Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Between 2009-10 and 2010-11, the annual growth rate in India’s (percentage) export shares been LOWEST for
9
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the shares of India’s export basket to different regions (figures in percentage). Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Mark the HIGHEST figure from the following options
10
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the shares of India’s export basket to different regions (figures in percentage). Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Identify the FALSE statement
11
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given is information relating to cost of starting a business and number of days required for specific business activities in select countries. Answer the questions on the basis of the data in the following figure. The data labels for the bars are placed above them, while the same for the line graph are placed in boxes. Legend for the bars is given in the order of left bar to the right bar. If countries were ranked according to the number of days required to start a business, (with the country requiring least number of days being rank highest), which of the top three countries would have the least cost to per capita income ration?
12
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given is information relating to cost of starting a business and number of days required for specific business activities in select countries. Answer the questions on the basis of the data in the following figure. The data labels for the bars are placed above them, while the same for the line graph are placed in boxes. Legend for the bars is given in the order of left bar to the right bar. Ratio of number of days required for the export to import is the least for which country?
13
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given is information relating to cost of starting a business and number of days required for specific business activities in select countries. Answer the questions on the basis of the data in the following figure. The data labels for the bars are placed above them, while the same for the line graph are placed in boxes. Legend for the bars is given in the order of left bar to the right bar. Identify the TRUE statement
14
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given is information relating to cost of starting a business and number of days required for specific business activities in select countries. Answer the questions on the basis of the data in the following figure. The data labels for the bars are placed above them, while the same for the line graph are placed in boxes. Legend for the bars is given in the order of left bar to the right bar. Identify the FALSE statement
15
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the detailed characteristics of select India industries. Answer the questions on the basis of following data. If total, managerial wage bill is defined as the difference between total emoluments and total wage to workers, and total managerial staff is defined as the difference between total person engaged and total number of workers, then average managerial wage would be HIGHEST for:
16
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the detailed characteristics of select India industries. Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Profit expressed as a ratio of net value added is HIGHEST for
17
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the detailed characteristics of select India industries. Answer the questions on the basis of following data. If gross value added is defined as the sum of net value added and depreciation, then the difference in the gross value added per worker is maximum between which of the following paira?
18
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the detailed characteristics of select India industries. Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Expense on fuel consumption as a percentage of input cost has been HIGHEST for
19
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are the detailed characteristics of select India industries. Answer the questions on the basis of following data. Identify the TRUE statement
20
PYP
IIFT 2013
Read the following passage and solve the questions based on it. a. Six Indian professors from six different institutions (Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Neptune, Pluto, Uranus) went to China to attend an international conference on “Sustainability and Innovation in Management: A Global Scenario” and they stayed in six successive rooms on the second floor of a hote (201_206). b. Each of them has published papers in a number of journals and has donated to a number of institutions last year. c. The professor in room no. 202 has published in twice as many journals as the professor who donated to 8 institutions last year. d. The professor from Uranus and the Professor in room number 206 together published in a total of 40 journals. e. The professor from Jupiter published in 8 journals less than the professor from Pluto but donated to 10 more institutions last year. f. Four times the number of 4 journal publications by the professor in room number 204 is lesser than the number of institutions to which he donated last year. g. The professor in room number 203 published in 12 journals and donated to 8 institutions last year. h. The professor who published in 16 journals donated to 24 institutions last year. i. The professor in room number 205 published in 8 journals and donated to 2 institutions less than the professor from Mercury last year. The Mercury professor is staying in an odd numbered room. j. The Mars professor is staying two rooms ahead of Pluto professor who is staying two rooms ahead of the Mercury professor is ascending order of room numbers. k. The professors from Mercury and Jupiter do not stay in room number 206. In which room is the Mars professor staying?
21
PYP
IIFT 2013
Read the following passage and solve the questions based on it. a. Six Indian professors from six different institutions (Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Neptune, Pluto, Uranus) went to China to attend an international conference on “Sustainability and Innovation in Management: A Global Scenario” and they stayed in six successive rooms on the second floor of a hote (201_206). b. Each of them has published papers in a number of journals and has donated to a number of institutions last year. c. The professor in room no. 202 has published in twice as many journals as the professor who donated to 8 institutions last year. d. The professor from Uranus and the Professor in room number 206 together published in a total of 40 journals. e. The professor from Jupiter published in 8 journals less than the professor from Pluto but donated to 10 more institutions last year. f. Four times the number of 4 journal publications by the professor in room number 204 is lesser than the number of institutions to which he donated last year. g. The professor in room number 203 published in 12 journals and donated to 8 institutions last year. h. The professor who published in 16 journals donated to 24 institutions last year. i. The professor in room number 205 published in 8 journals and donated to 2 institutions less than the professor from Mercury last year. The Mercury professor is staying in an odd numbered room. j. The Mars professor is staying two rooms ahead of Pluto professor who is staying two rooms ahead of the Mercury professor is ascending order of room numbers. k. The professors from Mercury and Jupiter do not stay in room number 206. How many institutions did the Jupiter professor donate to last year?
22
PYP
IIFT 2013
Read the following passage and solve the questions based on it. a. Six Indian professors from six different institutions (Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Neptune, Pluto, Uranus) went to China to attend an international conference on “Sustainability and Innovation in Management: A Global Scenario” and they stayed in six successive rooms on the second floor of a hote (201_206). b. Each of them has published papers in a number of journals and has donated to a number of institutions last year. c. The professor in room no. 202 has published in twice as many journals as the professor who donated to 8 institutions last year. d. The professor from Uranus and the Professor in room number 206 together published in a total of 40 journals. e. The professor from Jupiter published in 8 journals less than the professor from Pluto but donated to 10 more institutions last year. f. Four times the number of 4 journal publications by the professor in room number 204 is lesser than the number of institutions to which he donated last year. g. The professor in room number 203 published in 12 journals and donated to 8 institutions last year. h. The professor who published in 16 journals donated to 24 institutions last year. i. The professor in room number 205 published in 8 journals and donated to 2 institutions less than the professor from Mercury last year. The Mercury professor is staying in an odd numbered room. j. The Mars professor is staying two rooms ahead of Pluto professor who is staying two rooms ahead of the Mercury professor is ascending order of room numbers. k. The professors from Mercury and Jupiter do not stay in room number 206. The professor of which institute is staying in room number 206?
23
PYP
IIFT 2013
The professor of which institute donated to 24 institutions last year?
24
PYP
IIFT 2013
Read the following passage and solve the questions based on it. a. Six Indian professors from six different institutions (Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Neptune, Pluto, Uranus) went to China to attend an international conference on “Sustainability and Innovation in Management: A Global Scenario” and they stayed in six successive rooms on the second floor of a hote (201_206). b. Each of them has published papers in a number of journals and has donated to a number of institutions last year. c. The professor in room no. 202 has published in twice as many journals as the professor who donated to 8 institutions last year. d. The professor from Uranus and the Professor in room number 206 together published in a total of 40 journals. e. The professor from Jupiter published in 8 journals less than the professor from Pluto but donated to 10 more institutions last year. f. Four times the number of 4 journal publications by the professor in room number 204 is lesser than the number of institutions to which he donated last year. g. The professor in room number 203 published in 12 journals and donated to 8 institutions last year. h. The professor who published in 16 journals donated to 24 institutions last year. i. The professor in room number 205 published in 8 journals and donated to 2 institutions less than the professor from Mercury last year. The Mercury professor is staying in an odd numbered room. j. The Mars professor is staying two rooms ahead of Pluto professor who is staying two rooms ahead of the Mercury professor is ascending order of room numbers. k. The professors from Mercury and Jupiter do not stay in room number 206. The professor of which institute published in the maximum number of journals?
25
PYP
IIFT 2013
In how many journals did the Jupiter professor publish?
Find the statement which is necessarily true according to the given information: The Asatra Vriksh is an evergreen tree that grows in the Nilgiris. The Asatra Vriksh has a fleshy, poisonous fruit. Recently, Purol, a substance found in the bark of the Asatra Vriksh, was discovered to be a promising new antidepressant drug.
29
PYP
IIFT 2013
Read the following information to answer the question that follows. P – Q means Q is father of P P * Q means Q is brother of P P ÷ Q means Q is wife of P P + Q means Q is sister of P ÷ Which of the following means M is the grandfather of T?
30
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given below are some words from an artificial language. agnoscrenia means poisonous spider delanocreani means poisonous snake agnosdeery means brown spider Which of the following is most likely to mean “black widow spider”?
31
PYP
IIFT 2013
A research study recorded that the number of unemployed educated youth was equal to the number of unemployed uneducated youth. It was concluded by the researchers that being educated does not enhance the probability of being educated does not enhance the probability of being employed. Which of the following information would be required to validate the above conclusion?
32
PYP
IIFT 2013
Study the information below and answer the questions based on it: i. There are 5 persons in a group – P, Q, R, S and T. ii. In this group, there is one badminton player, one chess player and one tennis player. iii. P and S are unmarried ladies who do not play any games. iv. No lady is either a chess player or a badminton player. v. There is one married couple in this group of which T is the husband. v. Q is the brother of R and is neither a chess player nor a tennis player. Which of the following groups has only ladies?
33
PYP
IIFT 2013
Study the information below and answer the questions based on it: i. There are 5 persons in a group – P, Q, R, S and T. ii. In this group, there is one badminton player, one chess player and one tennis player. iii. P and S are unmarried ladies who do not play any games. iv. No lady is either a chess player or a badminton player. v. There is one married couple in this group of which T is the husband. v. Q is the brother of R and is neither a chess player nor a tennis player. Who is the tennis player?
34
PYP
IIFT 2013
Study the information below and answer the questions based on it: i. There are 5 persons in a group – P, Q, R, S and T. ii. In this group, there is one badminton player, one chess player and one tennis player. iii. P and S are unmarried ladies who do not play any games. iv. No lady is either a chess player or a badminton player. v. There is one married couple in this group of which T is the husband. v. Q is the brother of R and is neither a chess player nor a tennis player. Who is the wife of T?
35
PYP
IIFT 2013
The time in a clock is 20 minutes past 2. Find the angle between the hands of the clock.
36
PYP
IIFT 2013
Select the correct option to fill in the blank space/s c_bba_cab_ac_ab_ac
37
PYP
IIFT 2013
38
PYP
IIFT 2013
Select the correct option to fill in the blank space/s P3, M8, ____ G24, D35
39
PYP
IIFT 2013
There are five houses P, Q, R, S, and T. P is right of Q and T is left of R and right of P. Q is right of S. Which is the middle?
40
PYP
IIFT 2013
In Column 1 are the names of some great Indians, whose birthdays are celebrated as special days, which are given in Column 2. Match the birthday with the day of celebration
41
PYP
IIFT 2013
Under an agreement with which of the following countries did Subhash Chandra Bose organise the Indian soldiers into Azad Hind Fauj?
42
PYP
IIFT 2013
Bashar al-Assad is/was a leader of which of the following countries?
43
PYP
IIFT 2013
From the year 2014 onwards, the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) will be administered by
44
PYP
IIFT 2013
Which of the following countries is not a member of SAARC?
45
PYP
IIFT 2013
Given in Column 1 are some Latin phrases commonly used in English. Their meanings are given in Column 2. Match the phrase in Column 1 with its correct meaning in Column 2
46
PYP
IIFT 2013
Which of the following persons purchased the Washington Post in 2013?
47
PYP
IIFT 2013
For which franchise did Parupalli Kashyap play in IBL 2013?
48
PYP
IIFT 2013
Who amongst the following is not associated with Egypt?
49
PYP
IIFT 2013
Which of the following is Narayan Murthy not associated with?
50
PYP
IIFT 2013
Pick the odd one out
51
PYP
IIFT 2013
Pick the odd one out
52
PYP
IIFT 2013
Dr. Raghuram Rajan has not served in which of the following positions
53
PYP
IIFT 2013
In the Tapi gas pipeline, the word “Tapi” refers to which of the following?
54
PYP
IIFT 2013
Mt. Everest is the highest mountain summit of the world. Rank the following summits in descending order of their heights? i. Makalu; ii. Kanchenjunga; iii. Godwin Austen; iv. Lhotse
55
PYP
IIFT 2013
Which religion was propounded by Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1582 A.D., with the intention of merging the best elements of different religions?
56
PYP
IIFT 2013
Match the names in column 1 with their organization in column 2:
57
PYP
IIFT 2013
If India exports more than it imports, which of the following is likely to happen?
58
PYP
IIFT 2013
Which country has the longest coastline
59
PYP
IIFT 2013
Match the Countries with Trade Agreements/Regional Blocs:
60
PYP
IIFT 2013
The nomenclature of which of the following schemes is incorrect?
61
PYP
IIFT 2013
Which of the following cities is at the junction of the highways known as North-South and East-West Corridors?
62
PYP
IIFT 2013
According to the “Doing Business Report (2013)” of the World Bank, which BRIC nation holds the best ranking?
63
PYP
IIFT 2013
Which is the most abundant element in the universe?
64
PYP
IIFT 2013
Which countries are separated by the McMahon line?
65
PYP
IIFT 2013
Which of the following fictional characters was created by Agatha Christie?
66
PYP
IIFT 2013
What is the name of the novel that was published in April 2013 and authored under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith?
67
PYP
IIFT 2013
Arrange the following Indian port cities beginning from East to West. i. Jamnagar ii. Kochi iii. Chennai iv. Visakhapatnam
68
PYP
IIFT 2013
Match the world in column 1 with its meaning in column 2.
69
PYP
IIFT 2013
Match the world in column 1 with its meaning in column 2.
70
PYP
IIFT 2013
Arrange the given sentences in the most logical sequence. i. She was so innovative that she had begun to include the songs composed by Rabindranath Tagore in her repertoire even before the word “Rabindra Sangeet” was coined. ii. Gauhar knew she could gain the goodwill of the Bengali babus by singing as many Bengali songs as she could in her soiress. iii. Instead, she rendered them in her own style, giving them a classical twist. iv. Gauhar was not afraid to defy the norms and in fact she seldom used the tunes that Tagore had set his songs to.
71
PYP
IIFT 2013
Arrange the given sentences in the most logical sequence. i. At dusk, I allowed Adele to put away books and work, and to run downstairs. ii. Twilight and snowflakes together thickened the air hid the very shrubs iii. The afternoon was wild and snowy and we passed it in the schoolroom. iv. Left alone, I walked to the window but nothing was to be seen there.
72
PYP
IIFT 2013
As busy as a bee is an example of:
73
PYP
IIFT 2013
Select the option with incorrect spelling.
74
PYP
IIFT 2013
Select the option with incorrect spelling.
75
PYP
IIFT 2013
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the word opposite in meaning to the given word. Capricious
76
PYP
IIFT 2013
Select a word to replace the blank spaces. Alleviate : Aggravate :: Elastic : _____________
77
PYP
IIFT 2013
Benevolent : Kind :: Unclear : _____________
78
PYP
IIFT 2013
In the following question, out of the five alternatives, select the word similar in meaning to the given word. Person who know or can speak many languages
79
PYP
IIFT 2013
In the following question, out of the five alternatives, select the word similar in meaning to the given word. Deserving blame for an offence or crime
80
PYP
IIFT 2013
In the following question, out of the five alternatives, select the word similar in meaning to the given word. To have a jaundiced eye
81
PYP
IIFT 2013
In the following question, out of the five alternatives, select the word similar in meaning to the given word. To lose one’s bearings
82
PYP
IIFT 2013
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the word opposite in meaning to the given word. Apocryphal
83
PYP
IIFT 2013
Direction: For each of the questions below, select the word that fits well in all the four given sentences. i. We _____________ the room with an electric heater. ii. His mother ____________________ lunch for all his friends. iii. The will ___________________ the each child will receive half of the money. iv. He __________________ for his family by working overtime.
84
PYP
IIFT 2013
Select the option which best changes the given sentence from active passive voice: The invigilator was reading out the instructions.
85
PYP
IIFT 2013
Direction: For each of the questions below, select the word that fits well in all the four given sentences. i. The Bill ____________________ reduction in electoral expenses. ii. The plan _________________ ten percent growth in production. iii. The budget ________________ a two-fold increase in this year’s turnover. iv. The company _____________ a good production year due to better harvest.
86
PYP
IIFT 2013
Which of the following statements is grammatically correct?
87
PYP
IIFT 2013
Which of the following statements is grammatically incorrect?
88
PYP
IIFT 2013
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given at the end of each passage. Passage 1 Much remained a mystery about Bernie Madoff’s crime even after he pleaded guilty in March 2009. But one thing, it that everybody knew was true was this: his wife and sons were guilty too. From the first weeks after his arrest, unidentified “former prosecutors” and “criminal lawyers who have followed the case” and “legal sources” were repeatedly quoted in various Media outlets asserting that Ruth, Mark, and Andrew Madoff were under investigation and would soon be indicated. Glossy magazine articles would speculate carefully; garish Internet blogs would accuse recklessly; television commentators would wink and nod knowingly” All that fierce, smug certainty about their guilt~ unsupported by any cited facts-effectively drove Modoff’s imMediate family into exile. In an era of hyperMedia, with mobile phone paparazzi and Internet commentators constantly on the alert for ways to attract attention, it is worth nothing that these attacks on the Madoff family were a sharp departure from the typical public reaction to cases of white-collar crime, going back more than a centrury. Of course, such criminals-confidence men, embezzlers, crooked politicians, fraudsters of all kinds-were attacked savagely by the press and the public when their crimes came to light. But their wives and children were almost never included in those attacks; rather they were almost always ignored or, at the very least, quickly left alone. There were a few exceptions where criminal charges were actually filed against a close relative, who was then pulled to the whipping post of public attention. In general, however, even the wives and children of executed murderers were left to rebuild their lives in relative obscurity, unless they sought the spotlight themselves. The treatment over the years of organized-crime defendants is instructive. Despite widespread fascination with the murderous escapades of so called “Mafia dons” and crime-family “capes”, it was extremely rare for any attention to fall on the elderly Mrs. Mafia Don or the capos’ children-even though a realist might have wondered how much they knew about Why their husband or father had asked all his closest buddies to wear guns and sleep on mattresses in the garage. On rare occasions, a mobster’s relatives actively courted publicity. But those who didn’t were routinely ignored by the Media and certainly were never publicly and repeatedly accused of complicity in their husbands’ or fathers’ crimes. Yet the public outcry against Ruth Modoff and her sons began almost from the instant of Modoff and her sons began almost from the instant of Madoff’s arrest and did not cease. By the time he pleaded guilty, it was deafening. From the beginning, however, there were facts in the Madoff case that just didn’t seem to be consistent with the family’s guilt. First, there was the fact that none of them fled the country. Perhaps Bernie Madoff, seventy years old at the time of his confession, felt too old and tired to leave as a wealthy fugitive; and perhaps Ruth, even if she were guilty and faced arrest and a lifelong imprisonment, would not leave without him. But his two sons, if they were guilty, had the opportunity, the means, and the motive to flee. The end was clearly insight weeks in advance, there was still a princely sum in the bank, and they and their families were relatively young and portable. Surely, Madoff, before turning himself in, would have handed his sons the keys to the company jet and enough cash to let them live comfortably beyond the reach of the law for the rest of their lives. After all, if they were his accomplices, their only other option would have been to stay and go to prison. And yet Madoff did not and neither did his wife or sons. Then, there was his confession. Some hostile theorists imMediately argued that Madoff and his guilty sons staged his confession so they could turn him in and thereby deflect suspicion from themselves. But this would have been a worthless gesture unless they all could have been absolutely sure that no incriminating evidence would surface later and none of their other low-level accomplices would finger the sons in a bid for leniency-assumptions that were not remotely realistic if the sons were actually guilty. Moreover, if Madoff truly believed anyone could be insulated from suspicion simply by turning himself in, wouldn’t he have arranged for that to be Ruth? Logic aside, assumptions about the family’s guilt began to run up against the fact that, as the Madoff investigation progressed, the predicted arrests of his wife and sons simply did not happen. According to the author, why did the wife and sons of Madoff not flee the country?
89
PYP
IIFT 2013
How did the family of Bernie Madoff react to Media frenzy declaring them guilty?
90
PYP
IIFT 2013
What is the point the author has highlighted in the given passage?
91
PYP
IIFT 2013
Which of the following sentences is incorrect?
92
PYP
IIFT 2013
Passage 2 Many years ago, one mustard dominated the supermarket shelves: French’s. It came in a plastic bottle. People used it one hot dogs and bologna. It was yellow mustard, made from ground white mustard seed with turmeric and vinegar, which gave it a mild, slightly metallic taste. If you looked hard in the grocery store, you might find something in the speciality-foods section called Grey Poupon, which was Dijon mustard, made from the more pungent brown mustard seed. In the early seventies, Grey Poupon was no more than a hundred-thousand-dollar-a-year business. Few people knew what it was or how it tasted, or had any particular desire for an alternative of French’s or the runner-up, Gulden’s. Then one day, the Heublein Company, which owned Grey Poupon, discovered something remarkable: if you gave people a mustard taste test, a significant number had only to try Grey Poupon once to switch from yellow mustard. In the food world that almost never happens; even among the most successful food brands, only about one in a hundred has that kind of conversion rate. Grey Poupon was magic. So Heublein put Grey Poupon in a bigger glass jar, with an enamelled label and enough of a whiff of Frenchness to make it seem as if it were still being made in Europe (it was made in Hartford, Connecticut, from Canadian mustard seed and white wine). The company ran tasteful print ads in upscale food magazines. They put the mustard in little foil packets and distributed them with airplane meals — which was a brand-new idea at the time. Then they hired the Manhattan ad agency Lowe Marschalk to do something, on a modest budget, for television The agency came back with an idea: A Rolls-Royce is driving down a country road. There’s a man in the backseat in a suit with a plate of beef on a silver tray. He nods to the chauffeur, who opens the glove compartment. Then comes what is known in the business world as the reveal. The chauffeur hands back a jar of Grey Poupon. Another Rolls Royce pulls up alongside. A man leans his hand out of the window. “Pardon me. Would you have any Grey Poupon?” In the cities where the ads ran, sales of Grey Poupon leaped 40 to 50 percent, and whenever Heublein bought airtime in new cities sales jumped 40 to 50 percent again. Grocery stores put Grey Poupon next to French’s and Gulden’s. By the end of the 1980’s Grey Poupon was the most powerful brand in mustard. “The tagline in the commercial was that this was one of life’s finer pleasures.” Larry Elegant, who wrote the original Grey Poupon spot, says, “and that, along with the Rolls Royce, seemed to impart to people’s minds that this was something truly different and superior.” The rise of Grey Poupon proved that the American supermarket shopper was willing to pay more – in this cse $3.99 instead of $1.49 for eight ounces – as long as what they were buying carried with it an air of sophistication and complex aromatics. Its success showed, furthermore, that the boundaries of taste and custom were not fixed: that just because mustard had always been yellow didn’t mean that customers would use ‘only yellow mustard. It is because of Grey Poupon that the standard American supermarket today has an entire mustard section. And it is because of Grey Poupon that a man named Jim Wigon decided, four years ago, to enter the ketchup business. Isn’t the ketchup business today exactly where mustard was thirty years ago? There is Heinz and, far behid, Hunt’s and Del Monte and a handful of private label brands. Jim Wagon wanted to create the Grey Poupon of ketchup. Wigon is from Boston. He runs his ketchup business-under the brand World’s Best Ketchup-out of the catering business of his partner, Nich Schiarizzi, in Norwood, Massachusetts. He starts with red peppers, Spanish onions, garlic. and a high-end tomato paste. Basil is chopped by hand, because the buffalo chopper bruises the leaves. He uses maple syrup, not corn syrup, which gives him a quarter of the sugar of Heinz, He pours his ketchup into a clear ten-ounce jar, and sells its for three times the price of Heinz, and for the past few years he has crisscrossed the country, peddling World’s Best in six regular, sweet, dill, garlic, caramelized onion, and basil to speciality grocery stores and supermarkets. If you were in Zabar’s on Manhattan’s Upper West Side a few months ago, you would have seen him at the front of the store, in the spot between the sushi and the fish. In front of his, on a small table, was a silver tureen filled with miniature chicken and beef meatballs, a box of toothpicks, and a dozen or so open jars of his ketchup. “Try my ketchup!” Wigon said, over and over, to anyone who passed. “If you don’t try it, you’re doomed to eat Heinz the rest of your life.” In the same aisle at Zabar’s that day two other demonstrations were going on, so that people were starting at one end with free chicken sausage, sampling a slice of prosciutto, and then pausing at the World’s Best stand before heading for the cash register. They would look down at the array of open jars, and Wigon would impale a meatball on a toothpick, dip it in one of his ketchups, and hand it to them with a flourish. The ration of tomato solids to liquid in World’s Best in much higher than in Heinz, and the maple syrup gives it an unmistakable sweet kick. Invariably, people would close their eyes, just for a moment, and do a subtle double take. Some of them would look slightly perplexed and walk away, and others would nod and pick up a jar. “You know why you like it so much?” he would say, in his broad Boston accent, to the customers who seemed most impressed. “Because you have been eating bad ketchup all your life!” Jim Wigon had a simple vision: build a better ketchup – the way Grey Poupon built a better mustard – and the world will beat a path to your door. Why has the another termed Grey Poupon as “magic”?
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How many years did it take for Grey Poupon to grow from a hundred-thousand dollar a year brand to the most powerful brand in mustard?
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What kind of audience was Grey Poupon reaching out to through its ads?
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Which of the following statements is correct?
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Passage 3 To equate ‘capitalism’ with ‘greed’ is a mistake. We tend to confuse selft-interest in the marketplace with selfishness or greed. At the heart of capitalism is the idea of exchange between ordinary, self-interested human beings, who seek to advance their interests peacefully in the marketplace Adam Smith called this ‘rational self-interest’. It is the same motive that gets one to jump out of bed in the morning or makes one carry an umbrella if it rains–nothing selfish about that. To be human is to be self-interested, and this is what exchange in {he market place entails. Greed or selfishness, on the other hand, is an excess of self interest and often transgresses on the rights of others. It is present in all of us, but we find it easier to see it in others and difficult to see it in ourselves. Greed can motivate theft, entail himsa–hurting another whose opposite, ahimsa, is a virtue that Mahatma Gandhi extolled. But the other side of greed is ambition, a positive thing, and when rightly directed, is life-affirming. Herein lies the conundrum of human existence: that the same inner forces that result in a vice can just as easily become virtues that can motivate the well-being of our species. Those who believe that capitalism has been forced on us by the imperial West are also wrong. Friedrich Hayek, the Noble laureate, called the market a spontaneous order––it is natural for human beings to exchange goods and services, and this is how every society evolved money, laws, conventions and morals to guide behaviour in the marketplace. These are natural products of human endeavour. Competing and cooperating in the marketplace existed in India before the West was imperial or modern. Whether we like it or not, India is headed in the direction of some sort of democratic capitalism. After two decades of reforms, hardly anyone in India wants state ownership of production, where the absence of competition corrodes the character even more, as we known too well from the dark days of the ‘license raj’. Our animus against capitalism has diminished after communism’s fall as people increasingly believe that markets of deliver greater prosperity, but most think that capitalism is not a moral system. They continue to believe that morality must depend on religion. Although the market is neither moral nor immoral, human self-interest usually brings about good behaviour in the marketplace. A seller who does not treat his customers with fairness and civility will lose market share A company that markets defective products will lose customers. A firm that does not promote the mast deserving employees will lose talent to its competitors. A buyer who does not respect the market price will not survive. Lying and cheating will ruin a image, making it untouchable to creditors and suppliers. Hence, free markets powerful incentives for ethical conduct, but they must be backed by state institutions that enforce contracts and punish criminal behaviour. If the market has an inbuilt morality, why are there so many crooks in file marketplace? The answer is that are crooked people in every society, this is why we need effective regulators, policemen and judges. We should design our institutions to catch crooks and not harass innocent people as we do so often. The other cause of our grief is to mistake being ‘pro-market’ with being ‘pro-business’. To be ‘pro-market’ is to believe in competitive markets which help to keep prices low and gradually raise the quality of products. Competition also means that some businesses will die because they are poorly managed and cannot compete. Kingfisher Airlines and Air India should be allowed to die and not be bailed out by the government Thus, being pro-market leads to ‘rules-~ based capitalism’; ‘pro-business’ often leads to ‘crony capitalism’. Not to have explained this difference has been the great mistake of our reformers and this has led to the false impression that the reforms only make the rich richer. Crony capitalism exists in India today because of the lack of reforms in sectors such as mining and real estate. To get rid of crony capitalism we need more rather than less reform. The doom-mongers, who claim that we are now resigned to live in an age of decaying moral standards, are also wrong. Yes, the new Indian middle class is permissive and indulges enthusiastically in harmless pleasures. Yes, it is, materialistic, consumerist and capitalistic. But these impulses are not to be mistaken for greed. Only when one’s pleasure hurts another does it become a matter of the law and then, of course, it must be punished. The shared imagination of the new India with its harmless pleasure and victimless vice should not be condemned. Think of ours as a society in transition. Mass wealth is profoundly disturbing but once there is enough, India might again return to its old character of renunciation Instead of religious rules, young Indians are motivated by duties to fellow human beings rather than to gods. Those who accuse them of shallow materialism ignore the injustices that prevailed when religion held a monopoly on morality. They overlook real ethical progress with regard to sexual and caste equality that our secular society has begun to deliver. So, the next time Kejriwal makes an expose and the TV screams ‘greed’, do not fall into the trap of believing capitalist culture is morally sick or that we should return to a moral order rooted in socialism or religion. Which of the following statement correctly reflects the views of the author?
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Which of the following options most closely explains what the author wants to say, in the sentence beginning with: “Herein lies the conundrum of human existence:...”
98
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As wealth spreads in society, what is likely to happen according to the author?
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Which of the following statements does not reflect the views given in this passage?
100
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Passage 4 Brazil is a top exporter of every commodity that has seen dizzying price surges – iron ore, soybeans, sugar – producing a golden age for economic growth Foreign money-flows into Brazilian stocks and bonds climbed heavenward, up more than tenfold, from $5 billion a year in early 2007 to more than $50 billion in the twelve months through March 2011. The flood of foreign money buying up Brazilian assets has made the currency one of the most expensive in the world, and Brazil one of the most costly, overhyped economies. Almost every major emerging-market currency has strengthened against the dollar over the last decade, but the Brazilian Real is on a path alone, way above the pack, having doubled in value against the dollar. Economists have all kinds of fancy ways to measure the real value of a currency, but when a country is pricing itself this far out the competition, you can feel it on the ground. In early 2011 the major Rio paper, 0 Globo, ran a story on prices showing that croissants are more expensive than they are in Paris, haircuts cost more than they do in London, bike rentals are more expensive than in Amsterdam, and movie tickets sell for higher prices than in Madrid. A rule of the road: if the local prices in an emerging market country feel expensive even to a visitor from a rich nation, that country is probably not a breakout nation. There is no better example of how absurd it is to lump all the big emerging markets together than the frequent pairing of Brazil and China. Those who make this comparison are referring only to the fact that they are the biggest players in their home regions, not to the way the economies actually run. Brazil is the world’s leading exporter of many raw materials, and China is the leading importer; that makes them major trade partners – China surpassed the United States as Brazil’s leading trade partner in 2009 f but it also makes them opposites in almost every important economic respect: Brazil is the un-China, with interest rates that are too high, and a currency that is too expensive. It spends too little on roads and too much on welfare, and as a result has a very un-China-like growth record. It may not be entirely fair to compare economic growth in Brazil with that of its Asian counterparts, because Brazil has a per capita income of $12,000, more than two times China’s and nearly ten times India’s. But even taking into account the fact that it is harder for rich nations to grow quickly, Brazil’s growth has been disappointing. Since the early 19805 the Brazilian growth rate has oscillated around an average of 2.5 percent, spiking only in concert with increased prices for Brazil’s key commodity exports. While China has been criticized for pursuing “growth at any cost,” Brazil has sought to secure “stability at any cost.” Brazil’s caution stems from its history of financial crises, in which overspending produced debt, humiliating defaults, and embarrassing devaluations, culminating in a disaster that is still recent enough to be fresh in every Brazillian adult’s memory: the hyperinflation that started in the early 19805 and peaked in 1994, at the vertiginous annual rate of 2,100 percent. Wages were pegged to inflation but were increased at varying intervals in different industries, 50 workers never really knew whether they were making good money or not. As soon as they were paid, they literally ran to the store with cash to buy food, and they could afford little else, causing non-essential industries to start to die. Hyperinflation finally came under control in 1995, but it left a problem of regular behind. Brazil has battled inflation ever since by maintaining one of the highest interest rates in the emerging world. Those high rates have attracted a surge of foreign money, which is partly why the Brazilian Real is so expensive relative to comparable currencies. There is a growing recognition that China faces serious “imbalances” that could derail its long economic boom. Obsessed until recently with high growth, China has been pushing too hard to keep its currency too cheap (to help its export industries compete), encouraging excessively high savings and keeping interest rates rock bottom to fund heavy spending on roads and ports. China is only now beginning to consider a shift in spending priorities to create social programs that protect its people from the vicissitudes of old age and unemployment. Brazil’s economy is just as badly out of balance, though in opposite ways. While China has introduced reforms relentlessly for three decades, opening itself up to the world even at the risk of domestic instability, Brazil has pushed reforms only in the most dire circumstances, for example, privatizing state companies when the government budget is near collapse. Fearful of foreign shocks, Brazil is still one of the most closed economies in the emerging world – total imports and exports account for only 15 percent of GDP – despite its status as the world’s leading exporter of sugar, orange juice, coffee, poultry, and beef. To pay for its big government, Brazil has hacked up taxes and now has a tax burden that equals 38 percent of GDP, the highest in the emerging world, and very similar to the tax burden in developed European welfare states, such as Norway and France. This heavy load of personal and corporate tax on a relatively poor country means that businesses don’t have the money to invest in new technology or training, which in turn means that industry is not getting more efficient. Between 1986 and 2008 Brazil’s productivity grew at an annual rate of :about 0.2 percent, compared to 4 percent in China. Over the same period, productivity grew in India at close to 3 percent and in South Korea and Thailand at close to 2 percent. According to the passage, the major concern facing the Brazil economy is:
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Brazil’s quest for stability in its economy has originated From:
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Identify the false statement:
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According to the passage, Brazil does not seem to be an exporter of which commodity combination?
104
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If is a factor of then the closest approximate values of a and b are
105
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In an engineering college there is a rectangular garden of dimensions 34 m by 21 m. Two mutually perpendicular walking corridors of 4 m width have been made in the central part and flowers have been grown in the rest of the garden. The area under the flowers is
106
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IIFT 2013
A mother along with her two sons is entrusted with the task of cooking Biryani for a family get-together. It takes 30 minutes for all three of them cooking together to complete 50 percent of the task. The cooking can also be completed if the two sons start cooking together and the elder son leaves after 1 hour and the younger son cooks for further 3 hours. If the mother needs 1 hour less than the elder son to complete the cooking, how much cooking does the mother complete in an hour?
107
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IIFT 2013
Three years ago, your close friend had won a lottery of Rs. 1 crore. He purchased a flat for Rs. 40 lakhs, a car for Rs. 20 lakhs and shares worth Rs. 10 lakhs. He put the remaining money in a bank deposit that pays compound interest @ 12 percent per annum. If today, he sells off the flat, the car and the shares at certain percentage of their original value and withdraws his entire money from the bank, the total gain in his assets is 5%. The closest approximate percentage of the original value at which he sold off the three items is
108
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IIFT 2013
The average of 7 consecutive numbers is P. If the next three numbers are also added, the average shall
109
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IIFT 2013
The duration of the journey from your home to the college in the local train varies directly as the distance and inversely as the velocity. The velocity varies directly as the square root of the diesel used per km., and inversely as the number of carriages in the train. If, in a journey of 70 km, in 45 minutes with 15 carriages, 10 litres of diesel is required, then the diesel that will be consumed in a journey of 50 km, in half an hour with 18 carriages is
110
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IIFT 2013
Suppose there are 4 bags. Bag 1 contains 1 black and red balls, bag 2 contains 3 black and red balls, bag 3 contains 5 black and red balls and bag 4 contains 7 black and red balls. A ball is drawn at random from a randomly chosen bag. The maximum value of probability that the selected ball is black, is
111
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IIFT 2013
If the product of the integers a, b, c and d is 3094 and if 1 < a < b < d, what is the product of b and c?
112
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Mrs Sonia buys Rs. 249.00 worth of candies for the children of a school. For each girl she gets a strawberry flavoured candy priced at Rs. 3.30 per candy; each boy receives a chocolate flavoured candy priced at Rs. 2.90 per candy. How many candies of each type did she buy?
113
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IIFT 2013
There is a triangle building (ABC) located in the heart of Jaipur, the Pink City. The length of the one wall in east (BC) direction is 397 feet. If the length of south wall (AB) is perfect cube, the length of southwest wall (AC) is a power of three, and the length of wall in southwest (AC) is thrice the length of side AB, determine the perimeter of this triangular building.
114
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IIFT 2013
Out of 8 consonants and 5 vowels, how many words can be made, each containing 4 consonants and 3 vowels?
115
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IIFT 2013
If the product of n positive integers is then their sum is
116
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IIFT 2013
A tennis ball is initially dropped from a height of 180 m. After striking the ground, it rebounds (3/5)th of the height from which it has fallen. The total distance that the ball travels before it comes to rest is
117
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IIFT 2013
In a sports meet for senior citizens organized by the Rotary Club in Kolkata, 9 married couples participated in Table Tennis mixed double event. The number of ways in which the mixed double team can be made, so that no husband and wife play in the same set, is
118
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IIFT 2013
Two trains P and Q are scheduled to reach New Delhi railway station at 10.00 AM. The probability that train P and train Q will be late is 7/9 and 11/27 respectively. The probability that train Q will be late, given that train P is late, is 8/9. Then the probability that neither train will be late on a particular day is
119
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IIFT 2013
A survey was conducted to test relative aptitudes in quantitative and logical reasoning of MBA applicants. It is perceived (prior to the survey) that 80 percent of MBA applicants are extremely good in logical reasoning, while only 20 percent are extremely good in quantitative aptitude. Further, it is believed that those with strong quantitative knowledge are also sound in data interpretation, with conditional probability as high as 0.87. However, some MBA applicants who are extremely good in logical reasoning can be also good in data interpretation, with conditional probability 0.15. An applicant surveyed is found to be strong in data interpretation. The probability that the applicant is also strong in quantitative aptitude is
120
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IIFT 2013
Your friend’s cap is in the shape of a right circular cone of base radius 14 cm and height 26.5 cm. The approximate area of the sheet required to make 7 such caps is
121
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IIFT 2013
A rod is cut into 3 equal parts. The resulting portions are then cut into 12, 18 and 32 equal parts, respectively. If each of the resulting portions have integer length, the minimum length of the rod is
122
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IIFT 2013
If then the value of x is
123
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It was a rainy morning in Delhi when Rohit drove his mother to a dentist in his Maruti Alto. They started at 8.30 AM from home and Rohit maintained the speed of the vehicle at 30 Km/hr. However, while returning from the doctor’s chamber, rain intensified and the vehicle could not move due to severe water logging. With no other alternative, Rohit kept the vehicle outside the doctor’s chamber and returned home along with his mother in a rickshaw at a speed of 12 Km/hr. They reached home at 1.30 PM. If they stayed at the doctor’s chamber for the dental check-up for 48 minutes, the distance of the doctor’s chamber from Rohit’s house is
124
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IIFT 2013
Two alloys of aluminium have different percentages of aluminium in them. The first one weighs 8 kg and the second one weighs 16 kg. One piece each of equal weight was cut off from both the alloys and first piece was alloyed with the second alloy and the second piece alloyed with the first one. As a result, the percentage of aluminium became the same in the resulting two new alloys. What was the weight of each cut-off piece?
125
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If x is real, the smallest value of the expression is:
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Capicity of tap Y is 60% more than that of X. If both the taps are opened simultaneously, they take 40 hours to fill the rank. The time taken by Y alone to fill the tank is
127
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IIFT 2013
If then the value of x is
128
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If decreasing 70 by X percent yields the same result as increasing 60 by X percent, then X percent of 50 is
