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Practice each question, then open the answer or worked solution.
How does sprinkling of salt help in clearing the snow-covered roads in hilly areas? Explain the phenomenon involved in the process.
Salt is a de-icing agent and can be used to melt ice. If the freezing point is lowered the ice starts melting. So the addition of salt to snow reduces the freezing point from O℃ to lower.
What is a “semi-permeable membrane”?
A semipermeable membrane is a membrane that allows only the flow of solvent molecules but not solute molecules. Cellulose acetate and phospholipid bilayer in biological cells are the examples for semi-permeable membrane.
Give an example of a material used for making semipermeable membrane for carrying out reverse osmosis.
Examples of materials used for the semipermeable membrane include cellulose acetate and polyamides.
IV. Matching Type
Note: In the following questions match the items given in Column I and
Column II.
46. Match the items given in Column I and Column II.
| Column I
(i) Saturated solution (ii) Binary solution (iii) Isotonic solution (iv)Hypotonic solution (v) Solid solution (vi) Hypertonic solution |
Column II
(a) Solution having the same osmotic pressure at a given temperature as that of the given solution. (b) A solution whose osmotic pressure is less than that of another. (c) Solution with two components. (d) A solution which contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature. (e) A solution whose osmotic pressure is more than another. (f) A solution in the solid phase |
.
(i) is d
(ii) is c
(iii) is a
(iv) is b
(v) is f
(vi) is e
Match the items given in Column I with the type of solutions given in Column II.
| Column I
(i) Soda water (ii) Sugar solution (iii) German silver (iv) Air (v) Hydrogen gas in palladium
|
Column II
(a) A solution of the gas in solid (b) A solution of the gas in gas (c) A solution of solid in liquid (d) A solution of solid in solid (e) A solution of the gas in liquid (f) A solution of liquid in solid |
(i) is e
(ii) is c
(iii) is d
(iv) is b
(v) is a
Match the laws given in Column I with expressions given in Column II.
| Column I
(i) Raoult’s law (ii) Henry’s law (iii) Elevation of boiling point (iv) Depression in freezing point (v) Osmotic pressure |
Column II
(a) ∆Tf= Kfm (b) Π = CRT (c) p = x1P10+ X2P20 (d) ∆Tb= Kbm (e) p = KH.x |
(i) is c
(ii) is e
(iii) is d
(iv) is a
(v) is b
Match the terms given in Column I with expressions given in Column II.
| Column I
(i) Mass percentage ((ii) Volume percentage (iii) Mole fraction (iv) Molality
(v) Molarity |
Column II
(a)Number of moles of the solute component/ The volume of solution in litres (b) Number of moles of a component/ Total number of moles of all the components (c) Volume of the solute component in solution 100/ A total volume of solution * 100 (d) Mass of the solute component in solution 100/ The total mass of the solution *100 (e) Number of moles of the solute Components/Mass of solvent in kilograms |
(i) is d
(ii) is c
(iii) is b
(iv) is e
(v) is a