Chapter 8: Human Health and Diseases

Ans: Correct is option is c

Plasmodium parasites enter the human body as sporozoites (infectious forms) after being bitten by a female Anopheles mosquito infected with the parasite. The parasites multiply initially in the liver cells, then go on to the red blood cells (RBCs) and cause them to burst. RBC rupture is linked to the generation of hemozoin, a toxic substance that causes the cold and high fever that occurs every three to four days.

Ans: Correct option is d

Ringworm creatures include Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, and Microsporum. Macrosporum is a disease-causing fungus. These macrosporum, also known as smooth black truffles, are a type of edible truffle belonging to the Tuberaceae family. The truffles are typically spherical to irregular in shape. The colour of its surface varies from reddish brown to rust to blackish. The number of warts on the fruit body surface is limited, giving the truffle a smooth appearance.

Ans: Correct option is c

Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic condition in which the beta Haemoglobin chain is substituted with Valine rather than Glutamic Acid. RBCs change shape from disc to sickle-like as a result of this mutation, resulting in lower oxygen levels in the body. People who have developed the sickle cell trait are also less susceptible to malaria.