Chapter 8: Human Health and Diseases

Ans: Allergy is a condition in which a person's immune system reacts abnormally when they are exposed to a certain substance.

White blood cells such as mast cells and basophils induce allergies. When mast cells come into touch with this material, they release chemicals like histamine and serotonin, which trigger an allergic reaction. A person who has an allergy is aware of the chemicals to which he or she is allergic and should avoid those substances in order to avoid acquiring an allergy.

If a person has a pollen grain allergy, for example, he or she should stay away from the bloom to avoid direct pollen grain contact.

Ans: Lifestyle diseases are non-communicable diseases caused by a lack of physical exercise, poor eating habits, cigarette use (which causes heart disease), alcohol, obesity, and other factors.

These illnesses are linked to how we conduct our lives. Many diseases are caused by a lack of physical activity and bad dietary habits. Heart disease, stroke, and other disorders are caused by smoking tobacco and consuming other disease-causing substances. Obesity is a major concern nowadays, and people are becoming more conscious of it.

Ans: If two pathogenic viruses exist, one with DNA and the other with RNA, the pathogenic virus with RNA will mutate more quickly. Actually, RNA replication is more error-prone than DNA replication, which is why RNA has a higher mutation rate than DNA. DNA is slightly more stable than RNA and is less susceptible to chemical changes. RNA, on the other hand, is less stable than DNA and is more vulnerable to mutation.