Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants

a. Sieve tube – They help in translocation of synthesized food throughout the plant. It is present in phloem tissue.

b. Interfascicular cambium – It facilitates secondary growth in dicot stem and root and also helps in the formation of the vascular cambium.

c. Collenchyma – It provides mechanical support to young stem. Its cells have angular thickening at corners.

d. Aerenchyma – It provides buoyancy to floating plants.

Stomata regulate the process of transpiration and gaseous exchange. The epidermal cells surrounding the guard cells are known as Subsidiary cells.

Peepal is a dorsiventral leaf which is a dicot. Stomata are more on the lower surface and mesophyll is made up of two types of tissues. Maize is an isobilateral leaf which is a monocot. Stomata are equal in number on both the surfaces

Palm is a monocotyledonous plant, yet it increases in girth slowly due to secondary growth. It is due to parenchymatous cell division and enlargement in the ground tissue. Thus, repeated divisions cause an increase in the girth of the stem.