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NCERT Exemplar · Class 11 · Biology

Chapter 18: Body Fluids and Circulation

Practice each question, then open the answer or worked solution.

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

12 questions
Q1Written answer

Name the blood component which is viscous and straw-coloured fluid.Solution:

The blood component which is viscous and straw-coloured fluid is Plasma which makes up 55 % of the blood.

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Worked solution

Solution coming soon.

Q2Written answer

Complete the missing word in the statement given below:

a. Plasma without _________ factors is called serum.

b. ___________ and monocytes are phagocytic cells.

c. Eosinophils are associated with _____ reactions.

d. _______ ions play a significant role in clotting.

e. One can determine the heartbeat rate by counting the number of _________ in an ECG.

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Worked solution

a. Plasma without blood clotting factors is called serum.

b. Neutrophils and monocytes are phagocytic cells.

c. Eosinophils are associated with allergic reactions.

d. Calcium ions play a significant role in clotting.

e. One can determine the heartbeat rate by counting the number of ORS complex in an ECG.

Q3Written answer

Given below is the diagrammatic representation of a standard ECG. Label its different peaks.

NCERT Exemplar Solution of Class 11 Biology Chapter 18 Body Fluids and Circulation-1

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NCERT Exemplar Solution of Class 11 Biology Chapter 18 Body Fluids and Circulation-2

Q4Written answer

Name the vascular connection that exists between the digestive tract and liver.

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Worked solution

The vascular connection that exists between the digestive tract and liver is known as Hepatic Portal System.

Q5Written answer

Given below are the abnormal conditions related to blood circulation. Name the disorders.

a. Acute chest pain due to failure of O2 supply to heart muscles

b. Increased systolic pressure

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Worked solution

a. The disorder caused due to acute chest pain due to failure of O2 supply to heart muscles is known as angina pectoris.

b. Increased systolic pressure causes hypertension.

Q6Written answer

Which coronary artery disease is caused due to narrowing of the lumen of arteries?

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Worked solution

Atherosclerosis is the coronary artery disease is caused due to narrowing of the lumen of arteries.

Q7Written answer

Define the following terms and give their location?

a. Purkinje fibre

b. Bundle of His

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Worked solution

a. Purkinje fibre: It is present in the Myocardium of the ventricle and is formed by the branching of the right and left bundle. It carries impulses from S.A node

b. Bundle of His: These are fibres which originate from the AV node present in the wall of the right atrium.

Q8Written answer

State the functions of the following in blood

a. Fibrinogen

b. Globulin

c. Neutrophils

d. Lymphocytes

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Worked solution

a. Fibrinogen is involved in the clotting of blood.

b. Globulin functions in the immune responses.

c. Neutrophils are phagocytic and these are the first cell which reaches the site and engulf the microbes when an infection occurs

d. Lymphocytes are involved in the immune response in the blood.

Q9Written answer

What physiological circumstances lead to erythroblastosis foetal?

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Worked solution

Erythroblastosis foetalis occurs due to Rh incompatibility between the mother and the foetus during pregnancy which may lead to the death of the foetus or severe Anaemia.

Q10Written answer

Explain the consequences of a situation in which blood does not coagulate.

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Worked solution

If blood clotting does not take place excessive bleeding would take place which might lead to death.