Chapter 7: Transportation in Animals and Plants

Q1Written answer

Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II.

Column- I	Column-II
(i) Stomata	(a) Absorption of water
(ii) Xylem	(b) Transpiration
(iii) Root hairs	(c) Transport of food
(iv) Phloem	(d) Transport of water
	(e) Synthesis of carbohydrates

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Column- I	Column-II
(i) Stomata	(b) Transpiration
(ii) Xylem	(d) Transport of water
(iii) Root hairs	(a) Absorption of water
(iv) Phloem	(c) Transport of food

Q2Written answer

Fill in the blanks.

(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the _____________.

(ii) Haemoglobin is present in _____________ cells.

(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of _____________.

(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called the _____________.

(v) The main excretory product in human beings is _____________.

(vi) Sweat contains water and _____________.

(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called _____________.

(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by _____________.

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(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the arteries.

(ii) Haemoglobin is present in red blood cells.

(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of capillaries.

(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called the heartbeat.

(v) The main excretory product in human beings is urea.

(vi) Sweat contains water and salts.

(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called urine.

(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by transpiration.

Q3Written answer

Choose the correct option:

(a) In plants, water is transported through

(i) xylem

(ii) phloem

(iii) stomata

(iv) root hair

(b) Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plants

(i) in the shade

(ii) in dim light

(iii) under the fan

(iv) covered with a polythene bag

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a) i) xylem

b) iii) under the fan

Q4Written answer

Why is the transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal? Explain.

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Transport of materials is necessary for both plants and animals as every cell needs a regular supply of nutrients and oxygen to release energy through respiration.

The food that we eat is broken down into smaller components to be absorbed by cells. The oxygen we inhale also has to be transported to all the cells of the body. Our body also requires the constant removal of waste materials such as carbon dioxide.

For the transport of all these materials (nutrients, oxygen and waste products), our body has a specialised transport system.

Similarly, in plants, the transport of water and food is accomplished with the help of vascular tissues (xylem and the phloem).

Q5Written answer

What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood?

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If there are no platelets, then blood will not clot as platelets release blood clotting factor at the site of injury and stop further bleeding.

Q6Written answer

What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.

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Tiny pores present on the leaf surface are known as stomata.

Functions of stomata

It helps in the exchange of gases
Evaporation of water through leaves occurs due to stomata.

Q7Written answer

Does transpiration serve any useful function in plants? Explain.

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Worked solution

Transpiration serves the following functions in plants

It helps in lowering the temperature of plants, thus preventing heat injury to plants.
It helps in transpiration pull, which helps in raining water on higher plants.
It also causes loss of water absorbed by plants.

Q8Written answer

What are the components of blood?

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The components of blood are red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma.

Q9Written answer

Why is blood needed by all the parts of a body?

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Blood is a significant part of the transport system in our body, and we need blood for the following reasons:

For the transport of oxygen to all parts of our body
To expel carbon dioxide from our body
To transmit heat, thus helping in the regulation of body temperature.
It is required to fight out infections and diseases.

Q10Written answer

What makes the blood look red?

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Worked solution

The presence of a red pigment called haemoglobin in red blood cells (RBC) makes the blood appear red.

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