Chapter 2: Nutrition in Animals

Q1Written answer

Fill in the blanks:

(a) The main steps of nutrition in humans are _________, __________, __________, _________ and __________.

(b) The largest gland in the human body is __________.

(c) The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and ___________ juices which act on food.

(d) The inner wall of the small intestine has many finger-like outgrowths called _________.

(e) Amoeba digests its food in the ____________ .

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(a) The main steps of nutrition in humans are ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and egestion.

(b) The largest gland in the human body is liver.

(c) The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and digestive juices which act on food.

(d) The inner wall of the small intestine has many finger-like outgrowths called villi.

(e) Amoeba digests its food in the food vacuole.

Q2Written answer

Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:

(a) Digestion of starch starts in the stomach. (T/F)

(b) The tongue helps in mixing food with saliva. (T/F)

(c) The gall bladder temporarily stores bile. (T/F)

(d) The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth and chew it for some time. (T/F)

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Worked solution

a) F

b) T

c) T

d) T

Q3Written answer

Tick (✓) mark the correct answer in each of the following:

(a) Fat is completely digested in the

(i) stomach (ii) mouth (iii) small intestine (iv) large intestine

(b) Water from the undigested food is absorbed mainly in the

(i) stomach (ii) food pipe (iii) small intestine (iv) large intestine

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a) (iii) small intestine

b) (iv) large intestine

Q4Written answer

Match the items of Column I with those given in Column II:

Column- I	Column- II
Food components	Product(s) of digestion
Carbohydrates	Fatty acids and glycerol
Proteins	Sugar
Fats	Amino acids

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Column- I	Column- II
Food components	Product(s) of digestion
Carbohydrates	Sugar
Proteins	Amino acids
Fats	Fatty acids and glycerol

Q5Written answer

What are villi? What is their location and function?

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Worked solution

Villi are finger-like projections or outgrowth. They are present in the small intestine of our digestive system. The villi increase the surface area for absorption of the digested food.

Q6Written answer

Where is the bile produced? Which component of the food does it help to digest?

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Worked solution

Bile juice is produced in the liver, and it helps in the digestion of fats by breaking large fat globules into smaller ones.

Q7Written answer

Name the type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans. Give the reason also.

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Worked solution

Cellulose is the carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans because humans lack cellulase enzyme required to digest the cellulose.

Q8Written answer

Why do we get instant energy from glucose?

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Worked solution

Glucose is a simple sugar which is easily absorbed into the blood whereas other carbohydrates are first broken down into glucose and then absorbed; hence, glucose gives instant energy.

Q9Multiple choice

Which part of the digestive canal is involved in:

(v) formation of faeces ________________.

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Correct option: A

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Worked solution

i) Small intestine

ii) Buccal cavity

iii)Stomach

iv) Small intestine

v) Large Intestine

Q10Written answer

Write one similarity and one difference between nutrition in amoeba and human beings.

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Worked solution

Similarity: Both amoeba and human beings follow the holozoic type of nutrition.

Difference:

Humans intake food through buccal cavity. In amoeba food is ingested through pseudopodia.

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