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Previous year question hub

Community Ecology - Ecology - Ecology and Evolution Previous Year Questions

Practice Community Ecology - Ecology - Ecology and Evolution previous year questions organised from real papers, with year-wise coverage and clear topic navigation.

10Papers
10Years
40Questions
1Topics

Community Ecology question pattern

Every graph below is calculated only from this selection.

Questions by year

Year-wise coverage for Community Ecology. Each bar uses a separate theme-derived color.

Difficulty distribution

How the classified questions are distributed by difficulty.

Medium 24 60%
Easy 16 40%

Question type distribution

MCQ, numerical, multiple-select and other formats found in these papers.

MCQ 33 82.5%
MSQ 6 15%
Fill in the blanks 1 2.5%

Subject weightage

Top subjects by unique question coverage.

Ecology and Evolution
40 Qs

Most asked topics

Top topics across the included previous year papers.

Ecology
40 Qs

Subtopic coverage

Top subtopics inside this exact selection.

Community Ecology
40 Qs

Paper coverage

Question coverage for the most populated papers. Every active PYP paper remains listed below.

Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2025
5 Qs
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2024
5 Qs
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2023
1 Qs
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2022
6 Qs
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2021
3 Qs
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2020
5 Qs
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2019
4 Qs
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2018
4 Qs
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2016
3 Qs
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2014
4 Qs

Included previous year papers

Newest papers appear first. Sort by year, question coverage or name.

PaperYear / sessionQuestions in this viewOpen
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 202520255View paper
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 202420245View paper
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 202320231View paper
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 202220226View paper
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 202120213View paper
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 202020205View paper
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 201920194View paper
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 201820184View paper
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 201620163View paper
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 201420144View paper

All Community Ecology previous year questions

Practice every matching question in batches of 20, with every available option.

1
2014 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2014
In the hypothetical scenario below, there are four small islands (P, Q, R and S) near a very large continent. The distances of the islands from the continent, as well as the sizes of the islands, vary as indicated in the diagram. Assume that dispersal happens only between the continent and the islands, but not among islands. The theory of island biogeography would predict that the number of species in each island will be best represented by which of the following?

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2
2014 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2014
Simpson's index of species diversity is given by \(D = \frac{1}{\sum_{i=1}^{n} p_i^2}\) where \(p_i\) is the proportion of species \(i\) in the total sample of individuals and \(n\) is the total number of species. For the species and their abundances given below, the numerical value of Simpson's index is ______________ | Species | Abundance | |---------|-----------| | Q | 50 | | R | 30 | | S | 20 | | T | 40 | | U | 50 | | V | 10 |

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3
2014 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2014
Primary succession refers to the sequence of changes in plant communities at a newly formed habitat. Species establishing first at the newly formed habitat (pioneer species) show characteristics that are different from those in species that establish later in the community. Which of the following represents the predicted characteristics of pioneer species?
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4
2014 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2014

The Venn Diagram below shows numbers of species in three forest types. Which of the following statements is true?

Question diagram

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5
2018 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2018

Which of the following diversity indices best captures species turnover across habitats?

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6
2018 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2018

Which of the following is NOT typically a characteristic of early successional pioneer plants relative to late successional plants in a tropical rain forest?

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7
2018 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2018

The latitudinal diversity gradient is defined as the decrease in the number of species from the equator to the poles. This can result from

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8
2018 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2018
Four islands differ in size (small = 10 km², large = 100 km²) and distance from the mainland (near = 50 km, far = 500 km).
Island P is small and near the mainland;
Island Q is small and far from the mainland;
Island R is large and near the mainland;
Island S is large and far from the mainland.
Let NP, NQ, NR and NS denote the number of species on islands P, Q, R and S, respectively. Which of the following is consistent with the theory of island biogeography?
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9
2019 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2019

According to MacArthur and Wilson’s theory of island biogeography, the number of species on an island is a balance between

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10
2019 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2019

A researcher found n number of woody species in a one hectare tropical forest plot. He employs the same method in another one hectare plot in the same forest. Based on the principle of species area curves, the expected number of new species in the second plot is

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11
2019 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2019

A study found that grazing decreased species richness when productivity was low, and increased species richness when productivity was high. Which of the following figures best represents this result? In the figure, the dotted line represents species richness in grazed plots and the solid line represents species richness in plots without grazing.

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12
2019 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2019
Which of the following correctly represents a decreasing order of tree species richness?
P – Dry tropical forests in Maharashtra
Q – Lowland wet tropical forests in Arunachal Pradesh
R – Scrub forest in Rajasthan
S – Wet tropical forests in Kerala
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13
2020 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2020
A researcher was documenting the number of tree species in a landscape. Within each of three forest types (P, Q, and R), she laid 100 quadrats and documented all the species found in each quadrat. She then plotted the cumulative species richness for these forest types as shown in the figure. Which of the following statements is FALSE?

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14
2020 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2020

The theory of island biogeography predicts that the number of species on islands is determined by: (i) the rate of colonisation, which depends on the distance of the island from the mainland, and (ii) the rate of extinction, which depends on the size of the island. A researcher surveyed two islands with similar habitats and geological history, and found that both islands have the same number of species. Which of the following statement(s) can explain this observation? P. The islands are of the same size and are at the same distance from the mainland. Q. The islands are of different sizes and are at the same distance from the mainland. R. The islands are of the same size and are at different distances from the mainland. S. The islands are of different sizes and are of different distances from the mainland.

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15
2020 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2020
Every lake in Wakanda has three species of fish: P, Q, and R. Species P is a bottom dweller and substrate feeder, species Q is a mid-column dweller and herbivore, and species R is a surface dweller and piscivore. Which of the following processes best explains this distribution pattern?
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16
2020 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2020

A researcher collects data on plant species composition in two habitats (P and Q) by using 10 quadrats each in both habitats. She calculates the average α-diversity and the β-diversity of each habitat from this data (shown below). Which of the following can be inferred about these habitats?

DiversityHabitat-PHabitat-Q
α-diversity44
β-diversity0.80.2

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17
2020 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2020
A researcher compared grass species richness in a 10 m × 10 m plot immediately before (T₀) and 100 days after (T₁₀₀) a fire. She observed that species richness was higher at T₁₀₀ than at T₀. Which of the following data is required for her to conclude that species richness increased because of the fire?
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18
2021 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2021
According to the MacArthur – Wilson equilibrium model of island biogeography, which one (or more) of the following factors affect(s) extinction rate on an island?
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19
2021 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2021
A large forest area is fragmented into multiple smaller patches of different sizes. A researcher estimates the number of bird species in these forest fragments immediately following fragmentation, and then again 20 years later. The relationship between fragment size and species richness is shown in the graph for the two sampling events (immediately after fragmentation: closed circles and solid line; 20 years after fragmentation: open circles and dashed line). The best explanation for the differences in species richness with fragment size between the two sampling events is
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20
2021 · Ecology and Evolution · Ecology · Community Ecology
Ecology and Evolution (EY) 2021
Shifting cultivation is a form of agricultural practice in the hills of Northeast India, where a forest patch is cleared and cultivated for a few years, after which it is left fallow and allowed to regenerate. Succession occurs on such previously cultivated plots. Over time, the plant community should move towards which region in the graph?

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