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Practice each question, then open the answer or worked solution.
Which of the following are anionic detergents?
(i) Sodium salts of sulfonated long-chain alcohol.
(ii) Ester of stearic acid and polyethene glycol.
(iii) Quarternary ammonium salt of an amine with acetate ion.
(iv) Sodium salts of sulfonated long-chain hydrocarbons.
Option (i) and (iv) are the answers.
Which of the following statements is correct?
(i) Cationic detergents have germicidal properties
(ii) Bacteria can degrade the detergents containing highly branched chains.
(iii) Some synthetic detergents can give foam even in ice-cold water.
(iv) Synthetic detergents are not soaps.
Option (i), (iii) and (iv) are the answers.
III. Short Answer Type
What is the average molecular mass of drugs?
Drugs have an average molecular mass of 100-500u.
Write the uses of medicines.
Medicines have an important role in our day-to-day life. It cures diseases. There are various types of medicines present in the form of tablets, syrups, ointments etc. It promotes and maintains health.
What are antiseptics?
Antiseptics are those which are applied to the living body to prevent the growth of microorganisms. It is used in the case of cuts or wounds.
Which type of drugs comes under antimicrobial drugs?
Mainly antimicrobial drugs are used to treat microbial functions. Examples like antiseptics, sulpha drugs and antibiotics come under this category.
Where are receptors located?
Receptors are located on the cell surface membrane or within the cytoplasm. They are biological transducers.
What is the harmful effect of hyperacidity?
Hyperacidity can cause an ulcer or gastric reflux in the stomach. The main cause of hyperacidity is the secretion of acid in an excess amount.
Which site of an enzyme is called allosteric site?
This is the site other than the active site in which the drugs can bind and cause its action. They regulate chemical reactions occurring in the human body.
What type of forces are involved in the binding of substrate to the active site of an enzyme?
i) Van der Waal force
ii) hydrogen bonding
iii) dipole interactions
iv) ionic bonds etc., are involved in the binding of substrate.