Chapter 15: Biodiversity and Conservation

Ans: Correct Option is d

Explanation: Lantana, Eichhornia, and African catfish are examples of animals that are not indigenous to India. Endemism refers to species that are local to a specific place, whereas exotic refers to species that are not native to that area. Invasive species occur when exotic species become a threat to local species, and they are the most powerful cause in local biodiversity loss. All of the plants and animals in this area are invasive species.

Ans: Correct Option is b

Explanation: The passenger pigeon was formerly the most common pigeon species on the planet, out of all the pigeon species. Because they migrate large distances in search of food and to avoid predators, these pigeons are known as passenger pigeons.

Furthermore, these pigeons are hunted in huge numbers for sporting purposes. Some people saw it as a threat to their crop fields, therefore they murdered a huge number of it. Along with this, as the population grew, people generated vast deforestation, destroying the habitat of these pigeons. As a result, human interaction and overexploitation are the primary causes of extinction for this species.

Ans: Correct Option is c

Explanation: Endemism refers to a species that is native to a certain area, whereas exotic refers to a species that has travelled from another location. These exotic species are referred to as invasive species when they pose a hazard to local animals and vegetation. According to the IUCN red list, Steller's sea cow is a species that has recently become extinct.

Ans: Correct Option is c.

Explanation: The total number of species found in a given area is referred to as the biodiversity of that place. Coral reefs are underwater and provide a safe haven for sea animals fleeing predators.

Ans: Correct Option is c

Explanation: The lungs of the earth is the amazon rainforest. 20% oxygen is produced by only amazon forest on the earth. The seasonal change is minimal as it is a tropical rainforest. Generally oxygen is produced by converting oxygenhee

Ans: Correct option is b

Explanation: Rauwolfia vomitoria is the source of the active chemical substance reserpine. This is a sedative that is prescribed for hypertension.

Ans: Correct Option is d.

Explanation: Fungi are eukaryotic organisms with a greater variety of species. They are heteromorphic, meaning they come in a variety of shapes, sizes, physiologies, and reproductive modes. Fungi are a varied collection of creatures that are heteromorphic and sporozoite for the most part.

Ans: Correct option is a

Explanation: The tilt of the earth around the sun causes the season. When we talk about the Tropic region, we should realise that it is the area that sits between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. The availability of solar radiation is considerably higher in the tropics. As a result, this region has a greater diversity of species.

Ans: Correct Option is b

Explanation: Biodiversity should have no political boundaries as it is a global responsibility, so its conservation is the responsibility of all countries. The historic convention on biodiversity was held in 1992 Rio de Janeiro, which was named the earth summit and this convention was signed by 150 government leaders at the 1992 Rio de Janeiro earth summit, and the convention was dedicated to promoting sustainable development.

Ans: Correct Option is b

Explanation: A. Insitu and B. Ex Situ conservation are the two types of biodiversity conservation.

1. Animal conservation in situ refers to the conservation of animals in their natural habitat. In situ conservation is used to protect biodiversity hotspots with a high level of species richness.

2. Ex-situ conservation includes zoological parks, botanical gardens, and safari parks. Off-site conservation is referred to as ex situ conservation. Exsitu conservation includes seed banks and in vitro fertilisation. Many animals in the globe are on the verge of extinction, but thanks to appropriate care and management in zoological parks and other locations, they are surviving and reproducing normally.