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Practice each question, then open the answer or worked solution.
Why does ‘Swiss cheese’ have big holes?
Ans: The big holes in ‘swiss cheese’ are made by a bacterium known as Penicillium Sherman which consumes the lactose protein in the cheese to form lactic acid
What are fermentors?
Ans: Fermentors are large vessels that are used for the commercial production of fermented products. It is used for fermentation by growing microorganisms.
Name a microbe used for statin production. How do statins lower blood cholesterol levels?
Ans: A microbe that is used in the production of statin is Monascus purpureus. Statins function by reducing the rate at which LDL cholesterol is produced in the liver. Because your liver isn't producing as much cholesterol, it absorbs cholesterol from your blood to utilize in the production of bile, lowering your blood cholesterol levels.
Why do we prefer to call secondary wastewater treatment a biological treatment?
Ans: Secondary wastewater treatment is more commonly referred to as biological treatment since it includes the employment of microorganisms to treat wastewater.
What Nucleopolyhydro viruses are being used nowadays?
Ans: Nucleopolyhydroviruses (NPVs) are currently being utilized as a biological insecticide to kill insects that cause harm to plants and crops, such as caterpillars and butterflies.
How has the discovery of antibiotics helped mankind in the field of medicine?
Ans: Antibiotics were discovered to aid humans in the realm of medicine by offering resistance to bacterial illnesses.
Why is distillation required for producing certain alcoholic drinks?
Ans: Distillation is required for producing certain alcoholic drinks because it increases the overall alcohol content in alcoholic drinks.
Write the most important characteristic that Aspergillus niger, Clostridium bretylium, and Lactobacillus share.
Ans: The most important characteristic that Aspergillus niger, Clostridium butylicum, and Lactobacillus share are that they all are micro-organisms that are involved in the production of various acids. Aspergillus niger is used for the production of citric acid, Clostridium butylicum is used for the production of butyric acid, and Lactobacillus is used for the production of lactic acid.
What would happen if our intestine harbours microbial flora exactly similar to that found in the rumen of cattle?
Ans: If our intestine harbours microbial flora exactly similar to that found in the rumen of cattle then our digestive system would be able to digest cellulose and methane can be produced in our digestive system.
Give any two microbes that are useful in biotechnology.
Ans: E. Coli and agrobacterium are the two microbes that are useful in biotechnology.