Chapter 5: Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

Answer: (d) Tropical Evergreen

(ii) Cinchona trees are found in areas of rainfall more than

(a) 100 cm, (b) 70 cm, (c) 50 cm, (d) less than 50 cm

Answer: (a) 100 cm

(iii) In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located?

(a) Punjab, (b) Delhi, (c) Odisha, (d) West Bengal

Answer: (c) Odisha

(iv) Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not included in the world network of bio reserves?

(a) Manas, (b) Gulf of Mannar, (c) Nilgiri, (d) Nanda Devi

Answer: (a) Manas

Climatic conditions:

1. Temperature
2. Humidity
3. Photoperiod
4. Precipitation

Relief:

1. Land
2. Soil

(ii) What is a bio-reserve? Give two examples.

Bio-reserves are protected areas. This is done to protect natural vegetation, wildlife and the environment.

Examples:

1. Sunderbans
2. Gulf of Mannar

(iii) Name two animals having habitats in the tropical and montane types of vegetation.

Tropical:

Tiger, Elephant.

Montane:

Snow Leopard

The plant species of a particular region is called flora, and the animal species of a particular region is called fauna.

(ii) Tropical evergreen and deciduous forests

Tropical Evergreen Forests:

1. They are called rainforests.
2. No definite time for trees to shed leaves.
3. Rainfall is more than 200 cm.

Tropical Deciduous Forests:

1. They are called monsoon forests.
2. Trees shed leaves for about six to eight weeks in the dry summer.
3. The rainfall range is between 200 cm to 70 cm.

The different types of vegetation found in India are listed below:

1. Tropical evergreen forests
2. Tropical deciduous forests
3. Tropical thorn forests and scrubs
4. Montane forests
5. Mangrove forests

The characteristics of vegetation in high altitudes are as follows:

1. Alpine vegetation is found in altitudes above 3600 m.
2. Trees in these areas are junipers, birches and pines.

The reasons are as follows:

1. Increasing population
2. Pollution
3. Deforestation
4. Hunting by poachers.

1. India is a country with diverse relief features
2. Availability of different types of soil
3. Variation in climatic conditions