Chapter 7: Lifelines of National Economy

(b) Silcher and Purbander

B. Which mode of transportation reduces trans-shipment losses and delays?

1. Railways
2. Roadways
3. Pipelines
4. Waterways

(c ) Pipelines

C. Which one of the following states is not connected with the H.V.J. pipeline?

1. Madhya Pradesh
2. Maharashtra
3. Gujarat
4. Uttar Pradesh

(b) Maharashtra

D. Which one of the following ports is the deepest land-locked and well-protected port along the east coast?

1. Chennai
2. Paradip
3. Tuticorin
4. Vishakhapatnam

(d) Vishakhapatnam

E. Which one of the following is the most important mode of transportation in India?

1. Pipeline
2. Railways
3. Roadways
4. Airways

(b) Railways

F. Which one of the following terms is used to describe trade between two or more countries?

1. Internal trade
2. International trade
3. External trade
4. Local trade

(b ) International Trade

Three merits of roadways are

1. The construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines.
2. Road transport is economical in the transportation of a few persons and a relatively smaller amount of goods over short distances.
3. Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography.

b. Where and why is rail transport the most convenient means of transportation?

Rail transport is the most convenient means of transportation in the northern plains, as there are level stretches of land with high population density and rich agricultural resources.

c. What is the significance of the border roads?

Border roads are of strategic importance, and these roads in the bordering areas of the country have improved accessibility in areas of difficult terrain and have helped in the economic development of these areas.

d. What is meant by trade? What is the difference between international and local trade?

The exchange of goods among people, states and countries is referred to as a trade.

Trade between countries is called international trade.

Local trade is carried out within cities, towns and villages of a country.

The means of transportation and communication are called the lifelines of a nation and its economy because they are the prerequisites for fast development. Today, India is well-linked with the rest of the world despite its vast size, diversity and linguistic and socio-cultural plurality. Railways, airways, waterways, newspapers, radio, cinema, television and the internet have been contributing to its socio-economic progress in many ways.

Along with trade, these different means of transport and communication have enriched our life and added substantially to growing amenities and facilities for the comforts of life.

b.Write a note on the changing nature of international trade in the last fifteen years.

Trade between countries is known as international trade. International trade has undergone a vast change in the last fifteen years. The exchange of goods and commodities has been superseded by the exchange of information and knowledge. For e.g., India has emerged as a software giant at the international level, and it is earning large foreign exchange through the export of information technology.

International trade also depends on the relationship between the countries and other external factors like duties and tariffs on the transportation of goods. In the last fifteen years, different trade blocks have emerged, which have changed how international trade was conducted previously.