Deductive and Inductive Reasoning - Logic - General Aptitude (GA) Previous Year Questions

1

2014 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2014

In a group of four children, Som is younger to Riaz. Shiv is elder to Ansu. Ansu is youngest in the group. Which of the following statements is/are required to find the eldest child in the group?
Statements
1. Shiv is younger to Riaz.
2. Shiv is elder to Som.

A

Statement 1 by itself determines the eldest child.

B

Statement 2 by itself determines the eldest child.

C

Statements 1 and 2 are both required to determine the eldest child.

D

Statements 1 and 2 are not sufficient to determine the eldest child.

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2

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2015

Tanya is older than Eric.
Cliff is older than Tanya.
Eric is older than Cliff.
If the first two statements are true, then the third statement is:

A

True

B

False

C

Uncertain

D

Data insufficient

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3

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2015

Given below are two statements followed by two conclusions. Assuming these statements to be true, decide which one logically follows.

Statements:
I. No manager is a leader.
II. All leaders are executives.

Conclusions:
I. No manager is an executive.
II. No executive is a manager.

A

Only conclusion I follows.

B

Only conclusion II follows.

C

Neither conclusion I nor II follows.

D

Both conclusions I and II follow.

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4

2016 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2016

Today, we consider Ashoka as a great ruler because of the copious evidence he left behind in the form of stone carved edicts. Historians tend to correlate greatness of a king at his time with the availability of evidence today.
Which of the following can be logically inferred from the above sentences?

A

Emperors who do not leave significant sculpted evidence are completely forgotten.

B

Ashoka produced stone carved edicts to ensure that later historians will respect him.

C

Statues of kings are a reminder of their greatness.

D

A king’s greatness, as we know him today, is interpreted by historians.

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5

2016 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2016

Fact 1: Humans are mammals.
Fact 2: Some humans are engineers.
Fact 3: Engineers build houses.
If the above statements are facts, which of the following can be logically inferred?
I. All mammals build houses.
II. Engineers are mammals.
III. Some humans are not engineers.

A

II only.

B

III only.

C

I, II and III.

D

I only.

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6

2017 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2017

Some tables are shelves. Some shelves are chairs. All chairs are benches. Which of the following conclusions can be deduced from the preceding sentences?
i. At least one bench is a table
ii. At least one shelf is a bench
iii. At least one chair is a table
iv. All benches are chairs

A

Only i

B

Only ii

C

Only ii and iii

D

Only iv

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7

2017 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2017

S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z are seated around a circular table. T’s neighbours are Y and V. Z is seated third to the left of T and second to the right of S. U’s neighbours are S and Y; and T and W are not seated opposite each other. Who is third to the left of V?

A

X

B

W

C

U

D

T

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8

2018 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2018

A house has a number which needs to be identified. The following three statements are given that can help in identifying the house number.
i. If the house number is a multiple of 3, then it is a number from 50 to 59.
ii. If the house number is NOT a multiple of 4, then it is a number from 60 to 69.
iii. If the house number is NOT a multiple of 6, then it is a number from 70 to 79.
What is the house number?

A

54

B

65

C

66

D

76

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9

2019 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2019

Some students were not involved in the strike.
If the above statement is true, which of the following conclusions is/are logically necessary?
1. Some who were involved in the strike were students.
2. No student was involved in the strike.
3. At least one student was involved in the strike.
4. Some who were not involved in the strike were students.

A

1 and 2

B

3

C

4

D

2 and 3

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10

2019 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2019

Five numbers 10, 7, 5, 4 and 2 are to be arranged in a sequence from left to right following the directions given below:
1. No two odd or even numbers are next to each other.
2. The second number from the left is exactly half of the left-most number.
3. The middle number is exactly twice the right-most number.
Which is the second number from the right?

A

2

B

4

C

7

D

10

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11

2020 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2020

Find the missing element in the following figure.

A

d

B

e

C

w

D

y

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12

2020 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2020

It is a common belief that the quality of education has been declining. However, the number of students enrolling in engineering programs is steadily increasing. This suggests that the quality of education is actually improving.
Which one of the following options most effectively resolves the apparent paradox?

A

The number of engineering graduates has increased significantly.

B

The quality of engineering programs has improved, while that of other programs has declined.

C

The number of students opting for non-engineering programs has decreased.

D

The quality of education in engineering programs is not solely determined by student enrollment.

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13

2021 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2021

Given below are two statements and two conclusions.

Statement 1: All purple are green.
Statement 2: All black are green.

Conclusion I: Some black are purple.
Conclusion II: No black is purple.

Based on the above statements and conclusions, which one of the following options is logically CORRECT?

A

Only conclusion I is correct.

B

Only conclusion II is correct.

C

Either conclusion I or II is correct.

D

Both conclusion I and II are correct.

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14

2022 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2022

Six persons P, Q, R, S, T and U are sitting around a circular table facing the center not necessarily in the same order. Consider the following statements:

• P sits next to S and T.
• Q sits diametrically opposite to P.
• The shortest distance between S and R is equal to the shortest distance between T and U.

Based on the above statements, Q is a neighbor of

A

U and S

B

R and T

C

R and U

D

P and S

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15

2022 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2022

A building has several rooms and doors as shown in the top view of the building given below. The doors are closed initially.
What is the minimum number of doors that need to be opened in order to go from the point P to the point Q?

A

4

B

3

C

2

D

1

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16

2022 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2022

Given below are three statements and four conclusions drawn based on the statements.

Statement 1: Some engineers are writers.
Statement 2: No writer is an actor.
Statement 3: All actors are engineers.

Conclusion I: Some writers are engineers.
Conclusion II: All engineers are actors.
Conclusion III: No actor is a writer.
Conclusion IV: Some actors are writers.

Which one of the following options can be logically inferred?

A

Only conclusion I is correct

B

Only conclusion II and conclusion III are correct

C

Only conclusion I and conclusion III are correct

D

Either conclusion III or conclusion IV is correct

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17

2023 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2023

In 2022, June Huh was awarded the Fields medal, which is the highest prize in Mathematics.
When he was younger, he was also a poet. He did not win any medals in the International Mathematics Olympiads. He dropped out of college.
Based only on the above information, which one of the following statements can be logically inferred with certainty?

A

Every Fields medalist has won a medal in an International Mathematics Olympiad.

B

Everyone who has dropped out of college has won the Fields medal.

C

All Fields medalists are part-time poets.

D

Some Fields medalists have dropped out of college.

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18

2023 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2023

Human beings are one among many creatures that inhabit an imagined world. In this imagined world, some creatures are cruel. If in this imagined world, it is given that the statement “Some human beings are not cruel creatures” is FALSE, then which of the following set of statement(s) can be logically inferred with certainty?
(i) All human beings are cruel creatures.
(ii) Some human beings are cruel creatures.
(iii) Some creatures that are cruel are human beings.
(iv) No human beings are cruel creatures.

A

only (i)

B

only (iii) and (iv)

C

only (i) and (ii)

D

(i), (ii) and (iii)

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19

2024 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 2024

The 15 parts of the given figure are to be painted such that no two adjacent parts with shared boundaries (excluding corners) have the same color. The minimum number of colors required is

A

4

B

3

C

5

D

6

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20

2026 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Production and Industrial Engineering (PI) 2026

‘If Anish had scored hundred runs in today’s match, he would have been made the captain of his team. He would have then become the youngest captain in his team’s history. Unfortunately, he got out without scoring any runs. Hence, there won’t be any change in the captaincy for now.’
Based on the paragraph above, which one of the following statements is true?

A

Anish made hundred runs but was denied captaincy.

B

Anish was the captain of his team before the game today.

C

The current captain is older than Anish.

D

Anish is the youngest player in his team.

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