Deductive and Inductive Reasoning - Logic - General Aptitude (GA) Previous Year Questions

1

2014 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2014

Rajan was not happy that Sajan decided to do the project on his own. On observing his unhappiness, Sajan explained that Rajan preferred to work independently.
Which one of the statements below is logically valid and can be inferred from the above sentences?

A

Rajan has decided to work only in a group.

B

Rajan and Sajan were formed into a group against their wishes.

C

Sajan had decided to give in to Rajan’s request to work with him.

D

Rajan had believed that Sajan and he would be working together.

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2

2014 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2014

Anuj, Bhola, Chandan, Dilip, Eswar and Faisal live on different floors in a six-storeyed building (the ground floor is numbered 1, the floor above it 2, and so on). Anuj lives on an even-numbered floor. Bhola does not live on an odd numbered floor. Chandan does not live on any of the floors below Faisal’s floor. Dilip does not live on floor number 2. Eswar does not live on a floor immediately above or immediately below Bhola. Faisal lives three floors above Dilip. Which of the following floor-person combinations is correct?

A

B

C

D

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3

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2015

Tanya is older than Eric.
Cliff is older than Tanya.
Eric is older than Cliff.
If the first two statements are true, then the third statement is:

A

True

B

False

C

Uncertain

D

Data insufficient

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4

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2015

Given below are two statements followed by two conclusions. Assuming these statements to be true, decide which one logically follows.

Statements:
I. No manager is a leader.
II. All leaders are executives.

Conclusions:
I. No manager is an executive.
II. No executive is a manager.

A

Only conclusion I follows.

B

Only conclusion II follows.

C

Neither conclusion I nor II follows.

D

Both conclusions I and II follow.

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5

2017 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2017

A rule states that in order to drink beer, one must be over 18 years old. In a bar, there are 4 people. P is 16 years old, Q is 25 years old, R is drinking milkshake and S is drinking a beer. What must be checked to ensure that the rule is being followed?

A

Only P’s drink

B

Only P’s drink and S’s age

C

Only S’s age

D

Only P’s drink, Q’s drink and S’s age

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6

2017 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2017

Each of P, Q, R, S, W, X, Y and Z has been married at most once. X and Y are married and have two children P and Q. Z is the grandfather of the daughter S of P. Further, Z and W are married and are parents of R. Which one of the following must necessarily be FALSE?

A

X is the mother-in-law of R

B

P and R are not married to each other

C

P is a son of X and Y

D

Q cannot be married to R

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7

2019 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2019

Some students were not involved in the strike.
If the above statement is true, which of the following conclusions is/are logically necessary?
1. Some who were involved in the strike were students.
2. No student was involved in the strike.
3. At least one student was involved in the strike.
4. Some who were not involved in the strike were students.

A

1 and 2

B

3

C

4

D

2 and 3

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8

2021 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2021

Given below are two statements 1 and 2, and two conclusions I and II.
Statement 1: All entrepreneurs are wealthy.
Statement 2: All wealthy are risk seekers.
Conclusion I: All risk seekers are wealthy.
Conclusion II: Only some entrepreneurs are risk seekers.
Based on the above statements and conclusions, which one of the following options is CORRECT?

A

Only conclusion I is correct

B

Only conclusion II is correct

C

Neither conclusion I nor II is correct

D

Both conclusions I and II are correct

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9

2022 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2022

Mosquitoes pose a threat to human health. Controlling mosquitoes using chemicals may have undesired consequences. In Florida, authorities have used genetically modified mosquitoes to control the overall mosquito population. It remains to be seen if this novel approach has unforeseen consequences.
Which one of the following is the correct logical inference based on the information in the above passage?

A

Using chemicals to kill mosquitoes is better than using genetically modified mosquitoes because genetic engineering is dangerous

B

Using genetically modified mosquitoes is better than using chemicals to kill mosquitoes because they do not have any side effects

C

Both using genetically modified mosquitoes and chemicals have undesired consequences and can be dangerous

D

Using chemicals to kill mosquitoes may have undesired consequences but it is not clear if using genetically modified mosquitoes has any negative consequence

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10

2022 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2022

In a class of five students P, Q, R, S and T, only one student is known to have copied in the exam. The disciplinary committee has investigated the situation and recorded the statements from the students as given below.

Statement of P: R has copied in the exam.

Statement of Q: S has copied in the exam.

Statement of R: P did not copy in the exam.

Statement of S: Only one of us is telling the truth.

Statement of T: R is telling the truth.

The investigating team had authentic information that S never lies.

Based on the information given above, the person who has copied in the exam is

A

R

B

P

C

Q

D

T

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11

2023 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2023

In 2022, June Huh was awarded the Fields medal, which is the highest prize in Mathematics.

When he was younger, he was also a poet. He did not win any medals in the International Mathematics Olympiads. He dropped out of college.

Based only on the above information, which one of the following statements can be logically inferred with certainty?

A

Every Fields medalist has won a medal in an International Mathematics Olympiad.

B

Everyone who has dropped out of college has won the Fields medal.

C

All Fields medalists are part-time poets.

D

Some Fields medalists have dropped out of college.

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12

2023 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2023

Human beings are one among many creatures that inhabit an imagined world. In this imagined world, some creatures are cruel. If in this imagined world, it is given that the statement “Some human beings are not cruel creatures” is FALSE, then which of the following set of statement(s) can be logically inferred with certainty?
(i) All human beings are cruel creatures.
(ii) Some human beings are cruel creatures.
(iii) Some creatures that are cruel are human beings.
(iv) No human beings are cruel creatures.

A

only (i)

B

only (iii) and (iv)

C

only (i) and (ii)

D

(i), (ii) and (iii)

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13

2025 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2025

Based only on the conversation below, identify the logically correct inference:
“Even if I had known that you were in the hospital, I would not have gone there to see you”, Ramya told Josephine.

A

Ramya knew that Josephine was in the hospital.

B

Ramya did not know that Josephine was in the hospital.

C

Ramya and Josephine were once close friends; but now, they are not.

D

Josephine was in the hospital due to an injury to her leg.

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14

2025 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2025

The diagram below shows a river system consisting of 7 segments, marked P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V. It splits the land into 5 zones, marked Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5. We need to connect these zones using the least number of bridges. Out of the following options, which one is correct?
Note: The figure shown is representative.

A

Bridges on P, Q, and T

B

Bridges on P, Q, S, and T

C

Bridges on Q, R, T, and V

D

Bridges on P, Q, S, U, and V

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15

2026 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2026

'All the mangoes in the basket are good.' If the above statement is false, then which one of the following statements is necessarily true?

A

All the mangoes in the basket are not good.

B

No mango in the basket is good.

C

In the basket, some of the mangoes are good and some are not good.

D

There exists at least one mango in the basket that is not good.

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16

2026 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 2026

The Roman senator Meritorius, his brother, his son, and his daughter have varying oratory skill levels. They are seated in rows and columns as shown in the figure with exactly one person sitting in each box. It is known that (i) Meritorius’ daughter and his brother are seated in the same column. (ii) His son is seated diagonally across the sibling of the worst orator. (iii) The best and worst orators are seated in the same row. Who is the best orator?

A

Meritorius

B

Meritorius’ brother

C

Meritorius’ son

D

Meritorius’ daughter

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