Deductive and Inductive Reasoning - Logic - General Aptitude (GA) Previous Year Questions

1

2014 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2014

Rajan was not happy that Sajan decided to do the project on his own. On observing his unhappiness, Sajan explained that Rajan preferred to work independently.
Which one of the statements below is logically valid and can be inferred from the above sentences?

A

Rajan had decided to work only in a group.

B

Rajan and Sajan were formed into a group against their wishes.

C

Sajan had decided to give in to Rajan’s request to work with him.

D

Rajan had believed that Sajan and he would be working together.

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2

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2015

Tanya is older than Eric.
Cliff is older than Tanya.
Eric is older than Cliff.
If the first two statements are true, then the third statement is:

A

True

B

False

C

Uncertain

D

Data insufficient

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3

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2015

Given below are two statements followed by two conclusions. Assuming these statements to be true, decide which one logically follows.
Statements:
I. No manager is a leader.
II. All leaders are executives.
Conclusions:
I. No manager is an executive.
II. No executive is a manager.

A

Only conclusion I follows.

B

Only conclusion II follows.

C

Neither conclusion I nor II follows.

D

Both conclusions I and II follow.

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4

2016 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2016

The overwhelming number of people infected with rabies in India has been flagged by the World Health Organization as a source of concern. It is estimated that inoculating 70% of pets and stray dogs against rabies can lead to a significant reduction in the number of people infected with rabies.
Which of the following can be logically inferred from the above sentences?

A

The number of people in India infected with rabies is high.

B

The number of people in other parts of the world who are infected with rabies is low.

C

Rabies can be eradicated in India by vaccinating 70% of stray dogs.

D

Stray dogs are the main source of rabies worldwide.

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5

2016 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2016

A flat is shared by four first year undergraduate students. They agreed to allow the oldest of them to enjoy some extra space in the flat. Manu is two months older than Sravan, who is three months younger than Trideep. Pavan is one month older than Sravan. Who should occupy the extra space in the flat?

A

Manu

B

Sravan

C

Trideep

D

Pavan

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6

2017 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2017

A rule states that in order to drink beer, one must be over 18 years old. In a bar, there are 4 people. P is 16 years old, Q is 25 years old, R is drinking milkshake and S is drinking a beer. What must be checked to ensure that the rule is being followed?

A

Only P's drink

B

Only P's drink and S's age

C

Only S's age

D

Only P's drink, Q's drink and S's age

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7

2018 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2018

A house has a number which needs to be identified. The following three statements are given that can help in identifying the house number.
i. If the house number is a multiple of 3, then it is a number from 50 to 59.
ii. If the house number is NOT a multiple of 4, then it is a number from 60 to 69.
iii. If the house number is NOT a multiple of 6, then it is a number from 70 to 79.
What is the house number?

A

54

B

65

C

66

D

76

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8

2019 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2019

Some students were not involved in the strike.
If the above statement is true, which of the following conclusions is/are logically necessary?
1. Some who were involved in the strike were students.
2. No student was involved in the strike.
3. At least one student was involved in the strike.
4. Some who were not involved in the strike were students.

A

1 and 2

B

3

C

4

D

2 and 3

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9

2020 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2020

Repo rate is the rate at which Reserve Bank of India (RBI) lends commercial banks, and reverse repo rate is the rate at which RBI borrows money from commercial banks.

Which of the following statements can be inferred from the above passage?

A

Decrease in repo rate will increase cost of borrowing and decrease lending by commercial banks.

B

Increase in repo rate will decrease cost of borrowing and increase lending by commercial banks.

C

Increase in repo rate will decrease cost of borrowing and decrease lending by commercial banks.

D

Decrease in repo rate will decrease cost of borrowing and increase lending by commercial banks.

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10

2020 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2020

P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W are seated around a circular table.
I. S is seated opposite to W.
II. U is seated at the second place to the right of R.
III. T is seated at the third place to the left of R.
IV. V is a neighbour of S.

Which of the following must be true?

A

P is a neighbour of R.

B

Q is a neighbour of R.

C

P is not seated opposite to Q.

D

R is the left neighbour of S.

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11

2021 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2021

Given below are two statements 1 and 2, and two conclusions I and II.
Statement 1: All bacteria are microorganisms.
Statement 2: All pathogens are microorganisms.
Conclusion I: Some pathogens are bacteria.
Conclusion II: All pathogens are not bacteria.
Based on the above statements and conclusions, which one of the following options is logically CORRECT?

A

Only conclusion I is correct

B

Only conclusion II is correct

C

Either conclusion I or II is correct

D

Neither conclusion I nor II is correct

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12

2022 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2022

Given below are two statements and four conclusions drawn based on the statements.
Statement 1: Some bottles are cups.
Statement 2: All cups are knives.

Conclusion I: Some bottles are knives.
Conclusion II: Some knives are cups.
Conclusion III: All cups are bottles.
Conclusion IV: All knives are cups.

Which one of the following options can be logically inferred?

A

Only conclusion I and conclusion II are correct

B

Only conclusion II and conclusion III are correct

C

Only conclusion II and conclusion IV are correct

D

Only conclusion III and conclusion IV are correct

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13

2022 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2022

Altruism is the human concern for the wellbeing of others. Altruism has been shown to be motivated more by social bonding, familiarity and identification of belongingness to a group. The notion that altruism may be attributed to empathy or guilt has now been rejected.

Which one of the following is the CORRECT logical inference based on the information in the above passage?

A

Humans engage in altruism due to guilt but not empathy

B

Humans engage in altruism due to empathy but not guilt

C

Humans engage in altruism due to group identification but not empathy

D

Humans engage in altruism due to empathy but not familiarity

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14

2023 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2023

Residency is a famous housing complex with many well-established individuals among its residents. A recent survey conducted among the residents of the complex revealed that all of those residents who are well established in their respective fields happen to be academicians. The survey also revealed that most of these academicians are authors of some best-selling books.

Based only on the information provided above, which one of the following statements can be logically inferred with certainty?

A

Some residents of the complex who are well established in their fields are also authors of some best-selling books.

B

All academicians residing in the complex are well established in their fields.

C

Some authors of best-selling books are residents of the complex who are well established in their fields.

D

Some academicians residing in the complex are well established in their fields.

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15

2023 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2023

The information contained in DNA is used to synthesize proteins that are necessary for the functioning of life. DNA is composed of four nucleotides: Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G). The information contained in DNA can then be thought of as a sequence of these four nucleotides: A, T, C, and G. DNA has coding and non-coding regions. Coding regions—where the sequence of these nucleotides are read in groups of three to produce individual amino acids—constitute only about 2% of human DNA. For example, the triplet of nucleotides CCG codes for the amino acid glycine, while the triplet GGA codes for the amino acid proline. Multiple amino acids are then assembled to form a protein.
Based only on the information provided above, which of the following statements can be logically inferred with certainty?
(i) The majority of human DNA has no role in the synthesis of proteins.
(ii) The function of about 98% of human DNA is not understood.

A

only (i)

B

only (ii)

C

both (i) and (ii)

D

neither (i) nor (ii)

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16

2024 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2024

Statements:
1. All heroes are winners.
2. All winners are lucky people.

Inferences:
I. All lucky people are heroes.
II. Some lucky people are heroes.
III. Some winners are heroes.

Which of the above inferences can be logically deduced from statements 1 and 2?

A

Only I and II

B

Only II and III

C

Only I and III

D

Only III

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17

2026 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2026

Consider an art gallery whose walkways are shown as lines in the diagram. A black dot represents a junction of two walkways. A guard may be placed at a junction to watch over the walkways that join at that junction. The minimum number of guards needed to watch all the walkways is ______.

A

2

B

3

C

4

D

5

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18

2026 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Mathematics (MA) 2026

Four people P, Q, R, and S, of different ages, make the following observations.
P – I am younger than S.
Q – I am neither the youngest nor the oldest.
R – P is older than me.
Based on these observations, the youngest person is ____.

A

P

B

Q

C

R

D

S

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