Gene Transfer and Genome Editing - Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing - Life Sciences Previous Year Questions

1

2007 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2007

Gene transfer method: Choose the correct answer.

A

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was developed by E. C. Cocking

B

Biolistic transformation was first developed by J. C. Sanford

C

Protoplast transformation was first reported by I. Potrykus

D

Pollen tube transformation was demonstrated by Oifa Zhang

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2

2008 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2008

Group I: P: [diagram of plasmid with P, G, T], Q: [diagram of tissue cross-section], R: [diagram of cell with needle], S: Fe³⁺ + K₄[Fe(CN)₆] → Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃ + 4K⁺
Group II: 1. Kranz anatomy, 2. Single protoplast culture, 3. Binary vector, 4. Microinjection, 5. Partial plasmid map, 6. Ferric-Ferro-Cyanide complex

A

P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-6

B

P-5, Q-1, R-2, S-3

C

P-5, Q-1, R-4, S-6

D

P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-6

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3

2008 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2008

Group-I: P: Insect Resistance Rice, Q: Non-antibiotic selection system, R: Antibiotic marker gene, S: C4 photosynthesis
Group-II: 1. psy, 2. cry1Ab, 3. hpt, 4. PEPC, 5. PMI, 6. Rubisco

A

P-2, Q-1, R-3, S-4

B

P-5, Q-2, R-1, S-6

C

P-2, Q-5, R-3, S-4

D

P-1, Q-2, R-4, S-6

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4

2008 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2008

Group-I: P: IPR, Q: Selectable reporter gene, R: Vectorless DNA transfer, S: Selectable marker gene
Group-II: 1. Intellectual property rights, 2. International plant registration, 3. Protoplast system, 4. Agrobacterium system, 5. Neomycin phosphotransferase, 6. Green fluorescent protein

A

P-1, Q-6, R-3, S-5

B

P-1, Q-6, R-4, S-2

C

P-2, Q-6, R-3, S-5

D

P-2, Q-5, R-4, S-6

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5

2009 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2009

Virus resistant transgenic plants can be developed by the expression of

A

Cowpea trypsin inhibitor

B

Crystalline toxin protein

C

Defective movement protein

D

Snowdrop lectin

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6

2009 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2009

Which of the following statements are true about glyphosate tolerant transgenic plants ?
P. Transgenic plants detoxify glyphosate.
Q. Transgenic plants produce an altered enzyme that is not affected by glyphosate.
R. Transgenic plants sequester glyphosate in vacuoles.
S. Transgenic plants overcome the inhibition of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis.

A

P, Q

B

R, S

C

Q, S

D

P, R

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7

2009 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2009

Match the items in Group 1 with their functions in Group 2 :

Group 1	Group 2
P. rol genes	1. Food and energy source
Q. Opines	2. Tumor formation
R. Virulence genes	3. Hairy root induction
S. Aux and cyt genes	4. T-DNA transfer and integration

A

P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1

B

P-3, Q-2, R-4, S-1

C

P-1, Q-3, R-4, S-2

D

P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-2

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8

2009 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2009

Identify the INCORRECT statement :

A

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is the most commonly used chemical analogue of indole-3-acetic acid.

B

In somatic embryogenesis, embryo initiation needs a high concentration of 2,4-D.

C

Crown-gall disease depends on the presence of Ti-plasmid in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

D

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is responsible for hairy root formation in plants.

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9

2011 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2011

Which of the following statements are TRUE on DNA delivery methods during plant transformation? P. Single stranded nicks are made in T-DNA border repeat by the VirD1, VirD2 and VirD3 protein complex Q. virA gene products form the export apparatus on the membrane for the transfer of T-DNA R. Gold/Tungsten particles are used as microprojectiles in biolistic method S. Acceleration of DNA-coated microprojectiles is carried out with compressed CO₂

A

P, S

B

R, S

C

P, R

D

Q, S

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10

2011 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2011

Match the gene of interest for various aspects of crop improvement

A

P-4, Q-3, R-5, S-6

B

P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1

C

P-2, Q-4, R-5, S-3

D

P-4, Q-2, R-6, S-1

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11

2012 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2012

Which of the following statements are TRUE on transgene approach?
P. T-DNA integration occurs mainly through non-homologous recombination
Q. The Gateway cloning depends on recombination technology as opposed to standard uses of restriction enzymes and DNA ligase
R. The localization of β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity as a result of expression of GUS reporter gene can be visualized in a histochemical assay using the X-gal
S. The green fluorescent protein gene (GFP) is isolated from the bacterium Photinus pyralis

A

P, Q

B

R, S

C

P, S

D

R, S

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12

2013 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2013

For successful transfer of a foreign gene from the engineered Ti-plasmid to the plant genome, few cis-acting DNA elements and trans-acting protein factors are very much essential. Select the CORRECT combination from the following

A

Opine catabolism genes, Left border sequence, Right border sequence

B

Opine catabolism genes, Left border sequence, Virulence genes

C

Hormone biosynthetic genes, Right border sequence, Virulence genes

D

Left border sequence, Right border sequence, Virulence genes

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13

2015 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2015

Identify the INCORRECT statements with respect to plastid transformation.
P. Antibiotic used for selection of trasplastomic plant is spectinomycin
Q. Chances of gene escape from transplastomic plants are high
R. Microprojectile bombardment is the method of DNA delivery
S. Levels of transgene expression are low

A

P, R

B

P, Q

C

Q, S

D

R, S

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14

2016 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2016

Given below are the names of some genes/enzymes and their uses in genetically modified crops. Match the two columns.

Gene/enzyme	Commercial use
P. Bt gene	i. Golden rice
Q. β-carotene biosynthetic genes	ii. insect resistance
R. ACC deaminase	iii. herbicide resistance
S. EPSP synthase	iv. fruit ripening

A

P: i, Q: ii, R: iii, S: iv

B

P: ii, Q: i, R: iv, S: iii

C

P: iii, Q: i, R: ii, S: iv

D

P: ii, Q: i, R: iii, S: iv

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15

2017 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2017

Choose the CORRECT set of matches between group I and group II in relation to plant genetic transformation methods.
GROUP I
P. Helium
Q. Acetosyringone
R. Polyethylene glycol
S. Agarose embedding
GROUP II
1. Agrobacterium tumefaciens
2. Microinjection
3. Particle bombardment
4. Protoplast

A

P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1

B

P-2, Q-1, R-4, S-3

C

P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2

D

P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-2

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16

2018 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2018

You are asked to design a genetic construct for high-level expression of a gene encoding the therapeutic protein 18 (TP18) via plastid transformation. Select the CORRECT set of genetic elements for this construct.

A

Actin1 promoter → TP18 coding sequence → Actin1 transcription terminator

B

Ubiquitin1 promoter → TP18 coding sequence → Ubiquitin1 transcription terminator

C

rbcS promoter → TP18 coding sequence → rbcS transcription terminator

D

rbcL promoter → TP18 coding sequence → rbcL transcription terminator

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17

2020 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2020

In relation to Agrobacterium mediated genetic engineering in plants, match the following in CORRECT combination

Gene name	Function
P. virA	i. Acetosyringone receptor
Q. virB	ii. Conjugal tube formation
R. virD1	iii. Topoisomerase
S. virG	iv. Inducer of all vir operons
	v. Octopine synthesis

A

P-iv, Q-iii, R-ii, S-v

B

P-ii, Q-i, R-iii, S-v

C

P-i, Q-ii, R-iii, S-iv

D

P-iii, Q-i, R-ii, S-iv

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18

2020 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2020

Selection markers and the corresponding genes used in plant genetic engineering are given below

Selection Marker      Gene
P. Kanamycin                        i. hptII
Q. Hygromycin                       ii. bar
R. Bialaphos                         iii. pmi
S. Mannose                           iv. nptII

Choose the CORRECT combination

A

P-ii, Q-i, R-iv, S-iii

B

P-iv, Q-ii, R-i, S-iii

C

P-iv, Q-i, R-ii, S-iii

D

P-iii, Q-iv, R-ii, S-i

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19

2021 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2021

Which of the following enzyme(s), when overexpressed, would result in rice grains with increased β-carotene content?

A

Phytoene synthase

B

Carotene desaturase

C

β-glucuronidase

D

Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS)

Check answer

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20

2021 · Life Sciences · Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing · Gene Transfer and Genome Editing

Life Sciences (XL) 2021

Match the genetically modified crop in GROUP I with the corresponding genetic element in GROUP II.

GROUP I
P. Tomato with delayed fruit ripening
Q. Herbicide-resistant soybean
R. Insect-resistant cotton
S. Soybean with modified oil content

GROUP II
1. EPSP synthase
2. Δ12-Desaturase
3. Polygalacturonase
4. Bt-Cry protein

A

P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-2

B

P-1, Q-3, R-2, S-4

C

P-2, Q-1, R-4, S-3

D

P-3, Q-2, R-4, S-1

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