Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells - Development Biology - Life Sciences Previous Year Questions

1

2007 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2007

In case of turtles, the temperature at which the eggs are exposed during development is the deciding factor in sex determination. This is because of the temperature sensitivity of

A

Estrogen

B

Testosterone

C

Aromatase enzyme

D

Progesterone

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2

2009 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2009

Which of the following is NOT a somite derivative ?

A

Cardiac muscle

B

Skeletal muscle

C

Cartilage

D

Tendons

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3

2010 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2010

In the context of cell differentiation, lateral inhibition is referred to as the

A

Formation of two distinct cell types within a uniform field.

B

Inhibition of formation of a distinct cell type next to an existing cell type.

C

Inhibition of stem cells towards self-renewal.

D

Inhibition of erythropoiesis in the lateral plate mesoderm.

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4

2010 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2010

Neurogenin (Ngn) a newly discovered protein in chicken, is produced by the notochord and the floor plate (FP). Ngn induces cells of the neural tube (NT) to become neurons. It is known that from ventral to dorsal direction cells at different levels give rise to distinct types of neuronal cells. Which of the following observations will cast a doubt in the claim that Ngn is a morphogen?

A

Ngn is a cytosolic protein

B

Artificial mis-expression of Ngn at identical level through out NT does not affect the neuronal cell types formed in the NT.

C

Ngn is an integral membrane protein

D

All of the above

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5

2011 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2011

Extraembryonic tissues are derived from which one of the following?

A

Ectoderm

B

Endoderm

C

Trophoectoderm

D

Mesoderm

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6

2011 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2011

In a newly discovered organism, normal development was unaffected when a few blastomeres were removed from 100-cell stage embryo. However, removal of five cells at the 1000-cell stage abolished the formation of kidney. Which one of the following options most accurately describes the type(s) of specification operating in the development of this organism?

A

Conditional specification only

B

Autonomous specification only

C

Conditional and autonomous specifications

D

Specification does not occur in this organism

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7

2012 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2012

Zygotic genes required for the formation of a group of adjacent segment in the developing Drosophila embryo is called

A

Maternal gene

B

Pair rule gene

C

Homeotic gene

D

Gap gene

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8

2013 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2013

Which one of the following defects do you expect to see if you were able to specifically block apoptosis in the developing limb bud of a frog embryo?

A

The digits will remain connected through a web-like extension

B

The bones will not form, and the limb would look like a paddle

C

The limb would look normal but would be larger in size

D

The anterior-posterior polarity of the limb will be lost

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9

2015 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2015

The term “paedomorphosis” refers to

A

Accelerated reproductive development as compared to somatic development

B

A transient stage in the developmental event

C

Two independent structures resembling each other, yet performing different functions

D

A form of mimicry

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10

2015 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2015

What is the role of the notochord during organogenesis in a vertebrate embryo?

A

Signaling the development of placenta

B

Induction of neural plate formation

C

Stimulation of the umbilical chord formation

D

Suppression of the development of extra-embryonic membranes

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11

2016 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2016

The basic tenets of the ABC model of Arabidopsis flower development are shown below along with a diagram.
[Diagram: A class genes → sepal; A+B class genes → petal; B+C class genes → stamen; C class genes → carpel]
i. A class genes acting alone determine sepal identity
ii. A and B class genes acting together determine petal identity
iii. B and C class genes acting together determine stamen identity
iv. C class genes acting alone determine carpel identity
v. A and C class genes mutually inhibit each other
Which of the following organ arrangements is found in an A class mutant?

A

sepal; petal; stamen; carpel

B

carpel; stamen; stamen; carpel

C

petal; petal; stamen; carpel

D

stamen; stamen; stamen; carpel

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12

2016 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2016

In an experiment involving development of 64-cell stage sea urchin, an isolated animal hemisphere was combined with isolated micromeres. Which ONE of the following will be the resulting structure?

A

A ball of ectomesodermal cells

B

A ciliated ball of ectodermal cells

C

A recognizable pluteus larva

D

A ball of endodermal cells

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13

2016 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2016

In an experiment involving Drosophila development, a large amount of purified bicoid mRNA was injected into the posterior end of a wild-type embryo, the resulting developing embryo will have

A

Normal development with one each of head, thorax and abdomen.

B

Head in the middle with two thoraces and two abdomens.

C

A head with two thoraces and an abdomen.

D

Two heads and two thoraces with an abdomen segment in the middle.

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14

2017 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2017

MATCH the signaling pathways in Group I with their functions in Group II, during the process of development

Group I	Group II
P. Hedgehog signaling	(i) Involved in signaling at 4-cell embryo stage in C. elegans through glp 1 expression
Q. Hox proteins	(ii) Involves frizzled receptor on target cell membrane and establish polarity in insects
R. Wnt signaling	(iii) Plays critical role in facial morphogenesis in vertebrates and its mutation causes cyclopia
S. Notch signaling	(iv) Required for T-bx transcription factor expression for vertebrate limb development

A

P-iii; Q-ii; R-iv; S-i

B

P-iii; Q-iv; R-ii; S-i

C

P-iv; Q-iii; R-ii; S-i

D

P-iii; Q-iv; R-i; S-ii

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15

2018 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2018

In an experiment, nucleus from a Drosophila oocyte was transplanted into the anterior part of another oocyte, at a region opposite to the existing nucleus. Which ONE of the following phenotypes will the developing egg show?

A

A ventralized egg with no dorsal appendages

B

A dorsalized egg with two dorsal appendages

C

A ventralized egg with two dorsal appendages

D

A dorsalized egg with four dorsal appendages

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16

2019 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2019

Closure of neural tube during neurulation is the process in which neural tube eventually forms a closed cylinder that separates from surface ectoderm. Which one of the following terms is linked to the failure in the closure of entire neural tube i.e. brain and spinal cord, over the body axis?

A

Crani­orachischisis

B

Spina bifida

C

Anencephaly

D

Cleft palate

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17

2023 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2023

In an experiment, excess amount of bicoid mRNA (more than wild-type expression level) was injected into the posterior pole of a wild-type Drosophila embryo at pre-blastodermal stage. Out of the following options, which one represents the best expected phenotype in the resulted developing embryo?

A

Normal embryo with head structure at anterior and tail structure at posterior pole

B

Head structure only at posterior pole of the embryo

C

Tail structure at anterior and head structure at posterior poles of the embryo

D

Head structure at both anterior and posterior poles of the embryo

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18

2024 · Life Sciences · Development Biology · Differentiation, Organogenesis and Stem Cells

Life Sciences (XL) 2024

Which of the following tissue types is/are established during embryogenesis in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana?

A

Shoot apical meristem

B

Rosette leaf primordium

C

Procambium

D

Lateral root primordium

Check answer

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