Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance - Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics - Life Sciences Previous Year Questions

1

2007 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2007

Bacterial cell wall biosynthesis is inhibited by the antibiotic

A

Vancomycin

B

Tetracycline

C

Chloramphenicol

D

Erythromycin

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2

2007 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2007

The ineffectiveness of many antibiotics today is closely associated with

A

Bacteriophages

B

F plasmids

C

R plasmids

D

Bacterial transformations

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3

2009 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2009

Which one of the following antibiotics inhibits protein biosynthesis precisely by blocking the peptidyl transferase stage ?

A

Bleomycin

B

Rifampicin

C

Chloramphenicol

D

Tetracycline

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4

2010 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2010

Match the resistance mechanism in Group I with the antibiotic in Group II
Group I
P. β-Lactamases
Q. Enhanced folate metabolism
R. Drug efflux
S. Phosphorylation of the drug
T. Mutant RNA polymerase
Group II
1. Aminoglycosides
2. Penicillins
3. Sulfa drugs
4. Tetracyclins
5. Nalidixic acid
6. Rifamycin

A

P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-5, T-6

B

P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-6, T-5

C

P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1, T-6

D

P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4, T-6

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5

2011 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2011

Quinolones inhibit bacterial growth by targeting

A

DNA replication

B

mRNA translation

C

RNA polymerase

D

active transport of nutrients into the cell

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6

2012 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2012

Match the antibiotics in Group I with their mechanism of action in Group II

A

P-2, Q-1, R-3, S-4

B

P-2, Q-1, R-4, S-3

C

P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2

D

P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1

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7

2012 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2012

Nalidixic acid inhibits gyrase activity. Resistance to this antibiotic arises mainly due to

A

nonsense mutation in the gyrase gene

B

deletion mutation in the gyrase gene

C

missense mutation in the gyrase gene

D

degradation of the gyrase gene product

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8

2013 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2013

To which one of the following groups, the antibiotics kanamycin, streptomycin and gentamicin belong

A

cephalosporins

B

macrolides

C

aminoglycosides

D

quinolones

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9

2014 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2014

Match compounds in Group I with inhibitory activities in Group II.

Group I
(P) Vancomycin
(Q) Rifampin
(R) Puromycin
(S) Ciprofloxacin

Group II
(i) Folate metabolism
(ii) DNA synthesis
(iii) Protein synthesis
(iv) RNA synthesis
(v) Cell wall synthesis

A

P-v, Q-iv, R-iii, S-ii

B

P-iv, Q-iii, R-i, S-ii

C

P-iv, Q-i, R-iii, S-ii

D

P-v, Q-iii, R-ii, S-iv

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10

2016 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2016

Match the antibiotics given in Group I with appropriate targets from Group II.

Group I	Group II
(P) Nalidixic acid	(I) RNA polymerase
(Q) Tetracycline	(II) DNA gyrase
(R) Erythromycin	(III) DNA polymerase
(S) Rifampin	(IV) 50S ribosomal subunit
	(V) Aminoacyl tRNA

A

P-III, Q-IV, R-V, S-I

B

P-V, Q-I, R-IV, S-II

C

P-II, Q-V, R-IV, S-I

D

P-II, Q-V, R-I, S-IV

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11

2017 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2017

Which one of the following antibiotics is NOT produced by Streptomyces sp.?

A

Amphotericin B

B

Neomycin

C

Vancomycin

D

Gentamicin

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12

2017 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2017

As an antiseptic, alcohol is effective against

A

bacteria and non-enveloped viruses

B

bacterial endospores and fungi

C

bacteria and fungi

D

fungi and non-enveloped viruses

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13

2017 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2017

A bactericidal agent X is added after 3 hours of growth of a bacterial culture. Following the addition of X, the bacterial growth was measured using the standard plate count method till 24 hours. Which one of the following figures is the most accurate representation of the action of X?

A

i

B

ii

C

iii

D

iv

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14

2017 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2017

The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an antibiotic X against Clostridium tetani, Staphylococcus sp., Shigella sp., and Streptococcus sp. is 25, 15, 2 and 1 μg/ml, respectively. Assuming that the bioavailable concentration of X in an animal model is 20 μg/ml, which one of these bacteria may develop resistance against X in the animal model?

A

Clostridium tetani

B

Staphylococcus sp.

C

Shigella sp.

D

Streptococcus sp.

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15

2018 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2018

Match the antimicrobial agents in group I with their category/mode of action in group II.

A

(i)-(q), (ii)-(s), (iii)-(r), (iv)-(p)

B

(i)-(s), (ii)-(r), (iii)-(p), (iv)-(q)

C

(i)-(r), (ii)-(s), (iii)-(q), (iv)-(p)

D

(i)-(s), (ii)-(r), (iii)-(q), (iv)-(p)

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16

2019 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2019

Chloramphenicol and tetracycline are broad spectrum antibiotics which inhibit bacterial growth by targeting __________.

Check answer

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17

2019 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2019

Folic acid synthesis in bacteria is competitively inhibited by sulfonamides. Which of the following essential components is replaced by sulfonamides during the process of folic acid synthesis?

A

Pteridine

B

Glutamic acid

C

Para-amino benzoic acid

D

Sulfamethaxazole

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18

2020 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2020

The antibacterial trimethoprim is an inhibitor of

A

dihydrofolate reductase

B

dihydropteroate synthetase

C

\(N^5,N^{10}\)-methenyl tetrahydrofolate synthetase

D

serine hydroxymethyl transferase

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19

2020 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2020

Which one of the following statements about control of microbial growth is NOT correct?

A

Nonionizing radiation leads to thymine dimers formation in DNA

B

Spirochetes and mycoplasma can pass through membrane filters (0.22-0.45 μm)

C

Use of high concentration of salts and sugars to preserve food is a chemical method of microbial control

D

Thermoduric bacteria can survive pasteurization

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20

2021 · Life Sciences · Control of Micro-organisms: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics · Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Resistance

Life Sciences (XL) 2021

Which one of the following antibiotics can form an ion channel in the bacterial membrane?

A

Ampicillin

B

Gramicidin A

C

Gentamicin

D

Rifampicin

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