Deductive and Inductive Reasoning - Logic - General Aptitude (GA) Previous Year Questions

1

2012 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2012

In the sum of products function \(f(X, Y, Z) = \sum(2, 3, 4, 5)\), the prime implicants are

A

\(\bar{X}Y, X\bar{Y}\)

B

\(\bar{X}Y, X\bar{Y}\bar{Z}, X\bar{Y}Z\)

C

\(\bar{X}\bar{Y}\bar{Z}, \bar{X}YZ, X\bar{Y}\)

D

\(\bar{X}\bar{Y}\bar{Z}, \bar{X}YZ, X\bar{Y}\bar{Z}, X\bar{Y}Z\)

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2

2012 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2012

Consider the given circuit. In this circuit, the race around

A

does not occur

B

occurs when CLK = 0

C

occurs when CLK = 1 and A = B = 1

D

occurs when CLK = 1 and A = B = 0

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3

2012 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2012

The state transition diagram for the logic circuit shown is

A

B

C

D

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4

2012 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2012

There are eight bags of rice looking alike, seven of which have equal weight and one is slightly heavier. The weighing balance is of unlimited capacity. Using this balance, the minimum number of weighings required to identify the heavier bag is

A

2

B

3

C

4

D

8

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5

2014 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2014

In a group of four children, Som is younger to Riaz. Shiv is elder to Ansu. Ansu is youngest in the group. Which of the following statements is/are required to find the eldest child in the group?
Statements
1. Som is younger to Riaz.
2. Shiv is elder to Som.

A

Statement 1 by itself determines the eldest child.

B

Statement 2 by itself determines the eldest child.

C

Statements 1 and 2 are both required to determine the eldest child.

D

Statements 1 and 2 are not sufficient to determine the eldest child.

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6

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2015

Question Number : 4 Question Type : MCQ
Tanya is older than Eric.
Cliff is older than Tanya.
Eric is older than Cliff.
If the first two statements are true, then the third statement is:

A

True

B

False

C

Uncertain

D

Data insufficient

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7

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2015

Question Number : 7 Question Type : MCQ
Given below are two statements followed by two conclusions. Assuming these statements to be true, decide which one logically follows.
Statements:
I. No manager is a leader.
II. All leaders are executives.
Conclusions:
I. No manager is an executive.
II. No executive is a manager.

A

Only conclusion I follows.

B

Only conclusion II follows.

C

Neither conclusion I nor II follows.

D

Both conclusions I and II follow.

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8

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2015

Consider the logic circuit with input signal TEST shown in the figure. All gates in the figure shown have identical non-zero delay. The signal TEST which was at logic LOW is switched to logic HIGH and maintained at logic HIGH. The output

A

stays HIGH throughout

B

stays LOW throughout

C

pulses from LOW to HIGH to LOW

D

pulses from HIGH to LOW to HIGH

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9

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2015

The logic evaluated by the circuit at the output is

A

\(X\bar{Y} + Y\bar{X}\)

B

\((\bar{X} + \bar{Y})XY\)

C

\(\bar{X}Y + XY\)

D

\(\bar{X}Y + X\bar{Y} + X + Y\)

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10

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2015

In the circuit shown, the switch is momentarily closed and then opened. Assuming the logic gates to have equal non-zero delay, at steady state, the logic states of X and Y are

A

X is latched, Y toggles continuously

B

X and Y are both latched

C

Y is latched, X toggles continuously

D

X and Y both toggle continuously

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11

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2015

An ADC is interfaced with a microprocessor as shown in the figure. All signals have been indicated with typical notations. Acquisition of one new sample of the analog input signal by the microprocessor involves

A

one READ cycle only

B

one WRITE cycle only

C

one WRITE cycle followed by one READ cycle

D

one READ cycle followed by one WRITE cycle

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12

2024 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2024

Statements:
1. All heroes are winners.
2. All winners are lucky people.

Inferences:
I. All lucky people are heroes.
II. Some lucky people are heroes.
III. Some winners are heroes.

Which of the above inferences can be logically deduced from statements 1 and 2?

A

Only I and II

B

Only II and III

C

Only I and III

D

Only III

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13

2025 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2025

Based only on the conversation below, identify the logically correct inference:
“Even if I had known that you were in the hospital, I would not have gone there to see you”, Ramya told Josephine.

A

Ramya knew that Josephine was in the hospital.

B

Ramya did not know that Josephine was in the hospital.

C

Ramya and Josephine were once close friends; but now, they are not.

D

Josephine was in the hospital due to an injury to her leg.

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14

2025 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2025

The diagram below shows a river system consisting of 7 segments, marked P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V. It splits the land into 5 zones, marked Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5. We need to connect these zones using the least number of bridges. Out of the following options, which one is correct?
Note: The figure shown is representative.

A

Bridges on P, Q, and T

B

Bridges on P, Q, S, and T

C

Bridges on Q, R, T, and V

D

Bridges on P, Q, S, U, and V

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15

2019 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2019

Some students were not involved in the strike.
If the above statement is true, which of the following conclusions is/are logically necessary?
1. Some who were involved in the strike were students.
2. No student was involved in the strike.
3. At least one student was involved in the strike.
4. Some who were not involved in the strike were students.

A

1 and 2

B

3

C

4

D

2 and 3

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16

2021 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2021

Statement: Either P marries Q or X marries Y
Among the options below, the logical NEGATION of the above statement is:

A

P does not marry Q and X marries Y.

B

Neither P marries Q nor X marries Y.

C

X does not marry Y and P marries Q.

D

P marries Q and X marries Y.

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17

2022 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2022

Six persons P, Q, R, S, T and U are sitting around a circular table facing the center not necessarily in the same order. Consider the following statements:

• P sits next to S and T.
• Q sits diametrically opposite to P.
• The shortest distance between S and R is equal to the shortest distance between T and U.

Based on the above statements, Q is a neighbor of

A

U and S

B

R and T

C

R and U

D

P and S

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18

2022 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2022

Given below are three statements and four conclusions drawn based on the statements.
Statement 1: Some engineers are writers.
Statement 2: No writer is an actor.
Statement 3: All actors are engineers.
Conclusion I: Some writers are engineers.
Conclusion II: All engineers are actors.
Conclusion III: No actor is a writer.
Conclusion IV: Some actors are writers.
Which one of the following options can be logically inferred?

A

Only conclusion I is correct

B

Only conclusion II and conclusion III are correct

C

Only conclusion I and conclusion III are correct

D

Either conclusion III or conclusion IV is correct

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19

2023 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2023

Residency is a famous housing complex with many well-established individuals among its residents. A recent survey conducted among the residents of the complex revealed that all of those residents who are well established in their respective fields happen to be academicians. The survey also revealed that most of these academicians are authors of some best-selling books.

Based only on the information provided above, which one of the following statements can be logically inferred with certainty?

A

Some residents of the complex who are well established in their fields are also authors of some best-selling books.

B

All academicians residing in the complex are well established in their fields.

C

Some authors of best-selling books are residents of the complex who are well established in their fields.

D

Some academicians residing in the complex are well established in their fields.

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20

2023 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 2023

The information contained in DNA is used to synthesize proteins that are necessary for the functioning of life. DNA is composed of four nucleotides: Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G). The information contained in DNA can then be thought of as a sequence of these four nucleotides: A, T, C, and G. DNA has coding and non-coding regions. Coding regions—where the sequence of these nucleotides are read in groups of three to produce individual amino acids—constitute only about 2% of human DNA. For example, the triplet of nucleotides CCG codes for the amino acid glycine, while the triplet GGA codes for the amino acid proline. Multiple amino acids are then assembled to form a protein.
Based only on the information provided above, which of the following statements can be logically inferred with certainty?
(i) The majority of human DNA has no role in the synthesis of proteins.
(ii) The function of about 98% of human DNA is not understood.

A

only (i)

B

only (ii)

C

both (i) and (ii)

D

neither (i) nor (ii)

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