Deductive and Inductive Reasoning - Logic - General Aptitude (GA) Previous Year Questions

1

2014 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2014

In a group of four children, Som is younger to Riaz. Shiv is elder to Ansu. Ansu is youngest in the group. Which of the following statements is/are required to find the eldest child in the group?
Statements
1. Shiv is younger to Riaz.
2. Shiv is elder to Som.

A

Statement 1 by itself determines the eldest child.

B

Statement 2 by itself determines the eldest child.

C

Statements 1 and 2 are both required to determine the eldest child.

D

Statements 1 and 2 are not sufficient to determine the eldest child.

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2

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2015

Choose the appropriate pair of primers to amplify the following DNA fragment by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

A

P and R

B

P and S

C

Q and R

D

Q and S

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3

2015 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2015

Cytoplasmic extract from the wild type strain of a bacterium has the ability to convert a colorless substrate (S) to a colored product (P) via three colorless intermediates X, Y and Z, in that order. Each step of the pathway involves a specific enzyme coded by a distinct gene. Four mutant strains (a⁻, b⁻, c⁻, d⁻) were isolated, whose extracts are incapable of producing the colored product in the presence of S. In a series of experiments, extracts from the individual mutants were incubated with X, Y, or Z and scored for color development. The data are summarized in the table below. (Yes: color developed, No: no color developed)

	Compounds	X	Y	Z
Mutants	a−	No	No	No
	b−	No	Yes	Yes
	c−	Yes	Yes	Yes
	d−	No	No	Yes

Based on the data, which one of the following is the correct order of enzymes involved in the pathway?

A

S →^d X →^c Y →^b Z →^a P

B

S →^a X →^d Y →^b Z →^c P

C

S →^b X →^a Y →^c Z →^d P

D

S →^c X →^b Y →^d Z →^a P

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4

2016 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2016

Fact: If it rains, then the field is wet.
Read the following statements:
(i) It rains
(ii) The field is not wet
(iii) The field is wet
(iv) It did not rain
Which one of the options given below is NOT logically possible, based on the given fact?

A

If (iii), then (iv).

B

If (i), then (iii).

C

If (i), then (ii).

D

If (ii), then (iv).

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5

2016 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2016

A smart city integrates all modes of transport, uses clean energy and promotes sustainable use of resources. It also uses technology to ensure safety and security of the city, something which critics argue, will lead to a surveillance state.
Which of the following can be logically inferred from the above paragraph?
(i) All smart cities encourage the formation of surveillance states.
(ii) Surveillance is an integral part of a smart city.
(iii) Sustainability and surveillance go hand in hand in a smart city.
(iv) There is a perception that smart cities promote surveillance.

A

(i) and (iv) only

B

(ii) and (iii) only

C

(iv) only

D

(i) only

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6

2017 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2017

Some tables are shelves. Some shelves are chairs. All chairs are benches. Which of the following conclusions can be deduced from the preceding sentences?
i. At least one bench is a table
ii. At least one shelf is a bench
iii. At least one chair is a table
iv. All benches are chairs

A

Only i

B

Only ii

C

Only ii and iii

D

Only iv

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7

2017 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2017

S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z are seated around a circular table. T’s neighbours are Y and V. Z is seated third to the left of T and second to the right of S. U’s neighbours are S and Y; and T and W are not seated opposite each other. Who is third to the left of V?

A

X

B

W

C

U

D

T

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8

2019 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2019

Some students were not involved in the strike.
If the above statement is true, which of the following conclusions is/are logically necessary?
1. Some who were involved in the strike were students.
2. No student was involved in the strike.
3. At least one student was involved in the strike.
4. Some who were not involved in the strike were students.

A

1 and 2

B

3

C

4

D

2 and 3

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9

2020 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2020

Repo rate is the rate at which Reserve Bank of India (RBI) lends commercial banks, and reverse repo rate is the rate at which RBI borrows money from commercial banks.
Which of the following statements can be inferred from the above passage?

A

Decrease in repo rate will increase cost of borrowing and decrease lending by commercial banks.

B

Increase in repo rate will decrease cost of borrowing and increase lending by commercial banks.

C

Increase in repo rate will decrease cost of borrowing and decrease lending by commercial banks.

D

Decrease in repo rate will decrease cost of borrowing and increase lending by commercial banks.

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10

2020 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2020

P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W are seated around a circular table.
I. S is seated opposite to W.
II. U is seated at the second place to the right of R.
III. T is seated at the third place to the left of R.
IV. V is a neighbour of S.
Which of the following must be true?

A

P is a neighbour of R.

B

Q is a neighbour of R.

C

P is not seated opposite to Q.

D

R is the left neighbour of S.

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11

2021 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2021

Given below are two statements 1 and 2, and two conclusions I and II.
Statement 1: All bacteria are microorganisms.
Statement 2: All pathogens are microorganisms.
Conclusion I: Some pathogens are bacteria.
Conclusion II: All pathogens are not bacteria.
Based on the above statements and conclusions, which one of the following options is logically CORRECT?

A

Only conclusion I is correct

B

Only conclusion II is correct

C

Either conclusion I or II is correct

D

Neither conclusion I nor II is correct

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12

2022 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2022

Healthy eating is a critical component of healthy aging. When should one start eating healthy? It turns out that it is never too early. For example, babies who start eating healthy in the first year are more likely to have better overall health as they get older.
Which one of the following is the CORRECT logical inference based on the information in the above passage?

A

Healthy eating is important for those with good health conditions, but not for others

B

Eating healthy can be started at any age, earlier the better

C

Eating healthy and better overall health are more correlated at a young age, but not older age

D

Healthy eating is more important for adults than kids

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13

2023 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2023

In 2022, June Huh was awarded the Fields medal, which is the highest prize in Mathematics.

When he was younger, he was also a poet. He did not win any medals in the International Mathematics Olympiads. He dropped out of college.

Based only on the above information, which one of the following statements can be logically inferred with certainty?

A

Every Fields medalist has won a medal in an International Mathematics Olympiad.

B

Everyone who has dropped out of college has won the Fields medal.

C

All Fields medalists are part-time poets.

D

Some Fields medalists have dropped out of college.

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14

2023 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2023

Human beings are one among many creatures that inhabit an imagined world. In this imagined world, some creatures are cruel. If in this imagined world, it is given that the statement “Some human beings are not cruel creatures” is FALSE, then which of the following set of statement(s) can be logically inferred with certainty?
(i) All human beings are cruel creatures.
(ii) Some human beings are cruel creatures.
(iii) Some creatures that are cruel are human beings.
(iv) No human beings are cruel creatures.

A

only (i)

B

only (iii) and (iv)

C

only (i) and (ii)

D

(i), (ii) and (iii)

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15

2026 · General Aptitude (GA) · Logic · Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Biotechnology (BT) 2026

Four hills H1, H2, H3, and H4 are present in an area. The following observations are made about them:
i. Neither H2 nor H3 is the easternmost hill.
ii. Neither H2 nor H3 is the westernmost hill.
iii. Neither the easternmost hill nor the westernmost hill is the southernmost hill.
iv. Two hills are located to the west of H2.
v. The southernmost hill has at least two hills to its east.
The southernmost hill is ______.

A

H1

B

H2

C

H3

D

H4

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