Genetics and Evolutionary Biology - Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology - Biotechnology Previous Year Questions

1

2013 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2013

In nature, the horizontal gene transfer across bacteria is mediated by

A

gene cloning followed by transformation

B

conjugation and transformation

C

conjugation only

D

transformation only

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2

2013 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2013

Of the two diploid species, species I has 36 chromosomes and species II has 28 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be found in an allotriploid individual?

A

42 or 54

B

46 or 50

C

74 or 86

D

84 or 108

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3

2013 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2013

Hypophosphatemia is manifested by an X-linked dominant allele. What proportion of the offsprings from a normal male and an affected heterozygous female will manifest the disease?

A

\(\frac{1}{2}\) sons and \(\frac{1}{2}\) daughters

B

all daughters and no sons

C

all sons and no daughters

D

\(\frac{1}{4}\) daughters and \(\frac{1}{4}\) sons

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4

2013 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2013

In a genetic study, 80 people were found to have alleles for polydactyly. Only 36 of them were polydactylous. What is the extent of penetrance percentage? ________

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5

2014 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2014

In a relatively large but finite and closed population of sexually reproducing diploid organisms, the frequency of homozygous genotype PP changes from 0.40 to 0.50 and that of pp changes from 0.40 to 0.41 in a span of 10 generations. Which of the following is the most likely cause for the above change in frequency of the PP genotype?

A

Non-random mating

B

Random genetic drift

C

Selection

D

Combination of non-random mating and random genetic drift

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6

2014 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2014

Consider a population of 10,000 individuals, of which 2500 are homozygotes (PP) and 3000 are heterozygotes (Pp) genotype. The frequency of allele p in the population is ______.

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7

2014 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2014

In a genetic cross between the genotypes WWXX and wwxx, the following phenotypic distributions were observed among the F₂ progeny: WX, 562; wx, 158; Wx, 38; and wX, 42. Likewise, a cross between XXYY and xxyy yielded the following results: XY, 675; xy, 175; Xy, 72; and xY, 78. Similarly, a cross between WWyy and wwYY yielded: WY, 292; wy, 88; Wy, 12; and wY, 8. In all the genotypes, capital letters denote the dominant allele. Assume that the F₁ progeny were self-fertilized in all three crosses. Also, double cross-over does not occur in this species. Which of the following is correct?

A

Relative position: W-X-Y Distances: W-X = 5 map units, X-Y = 17 map units

B

Relative position: X-Y-W Distances: X-Y = 15 map units, Y-W = 11 map units

C

Relative position: Y-W-X Distances: Y-W = 5 map units, W-X = 11 map units

D

Relative position: X-W-Y Distances: X-W = 5 map units, W-Y = 10 map units

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8

2014 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2014

A dioecious plant has XX sexual genotype for female and XY for male. After double fertilization, what would be the genotype of the embryos and endosperms?

A

100% ovules will have XXX endosperm and XX embryo

B

100% ovules will have XXY endosperm and XY embryo

C

50% ovules will have XXY endosperm and XY embryo, while other 50% will have XXY endosperm and YY embryo

D

50% ovules will have XXX endosperm and XX embryo, while the other 50% will have XXY endosperm and XY embryo

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9

2016 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2016

Which one of the following is NOT an algorithm for building phylogenetic trees?

A

Maximum parsimony

B

Neighbor joining

C

Maximum likelihood

D

Bootstrap

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10

2016 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2016

Match the type of chromosomal inheritance (Column-I) with the corresponding genetic disease or trait (Column-II).

Column-I	Column-II
P. Autosomal recessive inheritance	1. Huntington disease
Q. Autosomal dominant inheritance	2. Hairy ears
R. X-linked inheritance	3. Cystic fibrosis
S. Y-linked inheritance	4. Hemophilia

A

P-1, Q-4, R-3, S-2

B

P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1

C

P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-2

D

P-4, Q-2, R-3, S-1

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11

2016 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2016

A crossing was performed between the genotypes DdEeFfgg and ddEeFfGg. Assuming that the allelic pairs of all genes assort independently, the proportion of progeny having the genotype ddeeffgg is expected to be ______ %.

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12

2017 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2017

A pedigree of an inheritable disease is shown below.
This inheritable disease is

A

X-linked dominant

B

X-linked recessive or Y-linked

C

only Y-linked

D

only X-linked recessive

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13

2018 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2018

A pedigree of an inheritable disease is shown below.
What type of inheritance does the disease follow?

A

Autosomal dominant

B

X-linked dominant

C

X-linked recessive

D

Autosomal recessive

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14

2019 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2019

The number of possible rooted trees in a phylogeny of three species is ________.

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15

2019 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2019

In pea plants, purple color of flowers is determined by the dominant allele while white color is determined by the recessive allele. A genetic cross between two purple flower-bearing plants results in an offspring with white flowers. The probability that the third offspring from these parents will have purple flowers is _______ (rounded off to 2 decimal places).

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16

2020 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2020

Amino acid sequences of cytochrome c and ribulose 5-phosphate epimerase from 40 organisms were chosen and phylogenetic trees were obtained for each of these two protein families.
Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [a] and the Reason [r].
Assertion [a]: The two trees will not be identical
Reason [r]: The nature and frequency of mutations in the two families are different

A

Both [a] and [r] are true and [r] is the correct reason for [a].

B

Both [a] and [r] are true but [r] is not the correct reason for [a].

C

Both [a] and [r] are false.

D

[a] is false but [r] is true.

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17

2020 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2020

W, X and Y are the intermediates in a biochemical pathway as shown below:
S ------> W -> X -> Y -> Z
Mutants auxotrophic for Z are found in four different complementation groups, namely Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4. The growth of these mutants on media supplemented with W, X, Y or Z is shown below (Yes: growth observed; No: growth not observed):

Mutants	Media supplemented with
	W	X	Y	Z
Z1	No	No	Yes	Yes
Z2	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Z3	No	No	No	Yes
Z4	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

What is the order of the four complementation groups in terms of the step they block?

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18

2020 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2020

In tomato plant, red (R) is dominant over yellow (r) for fruit color and purple (P) is dominant over green (p) for stem color. Fruit color and stem color assort independently. The number of progeny plants of different fruit/stem colors obtained from a mating are as follows:
Red fruit, purple stem – 145
Red fruit, green stem – 184
Yellow fruit, purple stem – 66
Yellow fruit, green stem – 47
What are the genotypes of the parent plants in this mating?

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19

2021 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2021

Number of unrooted trees in a phylogeny of five sequences is

A

3

B

15

C

105

D

945

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20

2021 · Biotechnology · Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Biotechnology (BT) 2021

The order of genes present in a chromosome is as follows.
L M N O P Q
Which one of the following rearrangements represents a paracentric inversion?

A

L O N M P Q

B

L M N P O Q

C

L M M N N O P Q

D

L M N O P Q

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