Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms - Environmental Microbiology - Environmental Science & Engineering Previous Year Questions

1

2024 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Microbiology · Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2024

Rod shaped bacterial cells are called _____.

A

Bacilli

B

Cocci

C

Spirilla

D

Diplococci

Open complete paper

2

2024 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Microbiology · Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2024

Which one of the following conversions belongs to nonsymbiotic nitrogen fixation?

A

Atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia by Rhizobium bacteria in nodules attached to roots of legumes

B

Atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia by Azotobacter species

C

Nitrate to gaseous nitrogen under anaerobic conditions

D

Nitrate to ammonia under aerobic conditions

Open complete paper

3

2024 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Microbiology · Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2024

Enzymes with the class of enzymes are listed in the table.

Enzyme	Class of Enzyme
(a) Lactate dehydrogenase	(i) Isomerases
(b) Alanine racemase	(ii) Transferases
(c) Lipase	(iii) Oxidoreductases
(d) Hexokinase	(iv) Hydrolases

Select the correct match(es)

A

- (iii); (b) - (i)

B

- (iv); (d) - (ii)

C

- (ii); (b) - (iv)

D

- (iii); (d) - (i)

Check answer

Open complete paper

4

2025 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Microbiology · Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2025

Which one of the following is performed by autotrophic bacteria?

A

Aerobic biodegradation of organic matter

B

Anaerobic biodegradation of organic matter

C

Aerobic nitrification

D

Anaerobic de-nitrification

Open complete paper

5

2025 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Microbiology · Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2025

Choose the correct statement(s) from the following regarding the structure/reproduction of microorganisms

A

Prokaryotes do not have nucleus but Eukaryotes have nucleus.

B

Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes have nucleus.

C

No binary fission happens in Eukaryotes, however, Prokaryotes rely on binary fission for reproduction.

D

Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes rely on binary fission for reproduction.

Check answer

Open complete paper

6

2025 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Microbiology · Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2025

Choose the correct option(s) from the following regarding the symbiotic relationships

A

Lichens are a symbiotic association of fungi and bacteria. They can survive in extreme conditions of air pollution.

B

Lichens are a symbiotic association of fungi and bacteria. The fungi can absorb water and minerals from atmosphere, and bacteria can generate foods.

C

Lichens are a symbiotic association of fungi and algae. They can survive in extreme conditions, but are very sensitive to air pollution.

D

Lichens are a symbiotic association of fungi and algae. The fungi can absorb water and minerals from atmosphere, and algae can generate food through photosynthesis.

Check answer

Open complete paper

7

2021 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Microbiology · Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2021

Which of the following pairing of nucleotide bases is present in double helix DNA?

A

Thymine - Cytosine

B

Adenine - Thymine

C

Cytosine - Adenine

D

Uracil - Thymine

Open complete paper

8

2021 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Microbiology · Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2021

Which of the following is/are true for the nitrifying bacteria belonging to genus Nitrobacter?

A

They are autotrophs.

B

They are eukaryotes.

C

They convert chemical energy to cellular energy using mitochondria.

D

They convert NO₂⁻ to NO₃⁻.

Open complete paper

9

2022 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Microbiology · Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2022

A typical plasmid-free bacterial cell having a single chromosome consists of ~55% protein, ~3% DNA and ~21% RNA, where “%” represents percentage of dry weight. Assuming there are 2500 different types of protein molecules (with at least one copy number) being expressed in a living bacterial cell at any given time, which of the following statement(s) is/are NOT correct with respect to the number of intracellular DNA, RNA and protein molecules?

A

DNA = RNA = Protein ≥ 2500

B

DNA = RNA = 1; Protein ≥ 2500

C

DNA = 1; RNA = Protein ≥ 2500

D

DNA = 1; RNA > Protein ≥ 2500

Check answer

Open complete paper

10

2023 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Microbiology · Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2023

Read the following statements
i. Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria uses organic matter for carbon source and energy source.
ii. Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria uses carbon dioxide for carbon source and energy source.
iii. Aerobic autotrophic bacteria uses carbon dioxide for carbon source and reduced substances for energy source.
iv. Aerobic autotrophic bacteria uses organic matter for getting energy.
The correct choice is

A

(i) is correct; (iii) is correct

B

(iv) is correct; (i) is incorrect

C

(i) is correct; (iv) is correct

D

(ii) is correct; (iv) is incorrect

Open complete paper

11

2023 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Microbiology · Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2023

Read the following statements
I. Bacteriophage is an anaerobic bacterium.
II. Male-specific bacteriophage infect via the pili of other microorganisms including viruses.
III. Bacteriophage is found in human as well as in animal excreta.
IV. Bacteriophage can not indicate the presence of bacteria.
The correct choice is

A

(I), (III) and (IV) are correct

B

(IV) is correct; (III) is incorrect

C

Both (III) and (IV) are incorrect

D

Both (III) and (IV) are correct

Open complete paper