Environmental Law and Policy - Environmental Management and Sustainable Development - Environmental Science & Engineering Previous Year Questions

1

2025 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2025

Match the following and choose the correct option from the following

A

1-x, 2-y, 3-z

B

1-z, 2-y, 3-x

C

1-y, 2-z, 3-x

D

1-x, 2-z, 3-y

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2

2021 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2021

The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development was held in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. During this conference, several environmental management principles were adopted by many countries.
Which one of the following principles allows the governments to take mitigation measures on the environmental issues having serious threats or irreversible damage, even if there is scientific uncertainty about such issues?

A

Polluters pay principle

B

Precautionary principle

C

Extended producer responsibility

D

Common but differentiated responsibilities

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3

2021 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2021

Match the entries in Column I with the correct entries in Column II.

A

P-(iii), Q-(ii), R-(i)

B

P-(ii), Q-(i), R-(iii)

C

P-(i), Q-(iii), R-(ii)

D

P-(ii), Q-(iii), R-(i)

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4

2021 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2021

Which of the following international multilateral agreements (conventions, protocols) from Column I match with the entries in Column II?

A

P-(iv), Q-(iii), R-(ii), S-(i)

B

P-(iv), Q-(ii), R-(iii), S-(i)

C

P-(iii), Q-(i), R-(ii), S-(iv)

D

P-(i), Q-(iii), R-(iv), S-(ii)

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5

2022 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2022

Which one of the following statements correctly defines the concept of ‘Extended Producer’s Responsibility’?

A

The responsibility of a producer for environmentally sound disposal of the product after the end of its life

B

The responsibility of a producer for environmentally sound manufacturing process for the product

C

The responsibility of a producer for environmentally sound management of the product from manufacturing stage until it is sold in the market

D

The responsibility of a producer for environmentally sound management of the product until the end of its life

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6

2022 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2022

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), Govt. of India has published the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) draft Notification 2020, intended to replace the existing EIA Notification, 2006 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Which of the following is/are the key change(s) from existing regulation?

A

Removal of several project/ activities from the purview of public consultation.

B

A list of projects has been included under Category B2, expressly exempted from the requirement of an EIA.

C

All the project related activities are brought under the purview of necessary public consultation.

D

A list of projects has been included under Category B2, bringing them under the requirement of detailed EIA.

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7

2022 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2022

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct regarding National Green Tribunal (NGT) of India?

A

NGT Act 2010 draws inspiration from the India’s constitutional provision of Article 21 - Protection of life and personal liberty, which assures the citizens of India the right to a healthy environment.

B

A retired Judge of the Supreme Court, can be the Chairperson of the NGT.

C

NGT Act 2017 is based on the India’s constitutional provision of Article 361 - Protection of Biodiversity and Environmental Protection, which bestows the citizens of India with a duty to protect all abiotic and biotic components of the environment.

D

The NGT is mandated to make and endeavor for disposal of applications or appeals finally within 45 days of filing of the same.

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8

2023 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2023

Consider the following waste categories
i) Domestic Hazardous Waste
ii) Nuclear Waste
iii) Sludge from wet scrubbers of hazardous waste treatment processes
iv) Chromium bearing residue and sludge from leather tanneries
Which one of the options correctly represents the waste categories NOT covered under Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 of Government of India?

A

(i) and (ii) only

B

(i) and (iii) only

C

(ii) and (iv) only

D

(i), (ii) and (iii) only

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9

2023 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2023

Place the following international conventions/conferences/protocols/declarations in the chronological order (oldest to latest) of their happening
i) United Nations conference in Stockholm which resulted in the establishment of the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP)
ii) Vienna convention for the protection of the Ozone layer
iii) United Nations climate change conference in Glasgow commonly referred as COP26
iv) Montreal protocol on phasing out production of substances related to Ozone layer depletion

A

i, ii, iv, iii

B

i, ii, iii, iv

C

ii, iv, i, iii

D

iv, iii, ii, i

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10

2023 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2023

Read the following statements
I. In environmental laws, the polluter pays principle is enacted to make the polluter responsible for paying for the damage done to the natural environment.
II. The precautionary principle emphasizes caution, pausing and review before going for an innovation that may prove disastrous.
III. The precautionary principle is often used by policy makers in situations where there is the possibility of harm from making a certain decision and conclusive evidence is not yet available.
The correct choice is

A

I is correct; II and III are incorrect

B

I, II and III are correct

C

I and III are correct; II is incorrect

D

I and II are correct; III is incorrect

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11

2023 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2023

For the following major Indian environmental acts
i) Environmental Protection Act
ii) Water Act (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
iii) Air Act (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
iv) The National Green Tribunal Act
the correct chronological order (oldest to latest of their enactment) is

A

i), ii), iii), iv)

B

ii), i), iii), iv)

C

iii), i), iv), ii)

D

ii), iii), i), iv)

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12

2023 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2023

An adult of 65 kg weight and life span of 65 years drinks water for 5 years, which is contaminated with toluene of concentration 0.15 mg/L. For toluene, reference dose is 0.200 mg/kg-d. The person drinks 2 L of water per day. The hazard quotient from the toluene exposure for the adult will be __________ (rounded off to three decimal places).

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13

2026 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2026

Consider the following statements regarding the pressure measured at a point in a fluid.
S1: Absolute pressure is gauge pressure plus atmospheric pressure.
S2: Gauge pressure is measured by considering absolute zero pressure as datum.
S3: Absolute pressure is measured by considering atmospheric pressure as datum.
S4: Vacuum pressure is negative pressure obtained by subtracting absolute pressure from atmospheric pressure.
Which ONE of the following options lists all the TRUE statements?

A

S1 and S2

B

S2 and S3

C

S1 and S4

D

S1, S2, and S4

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14

2026 · Environmental Science & Engineering · Environmental Management and Sustainable Development · Environmental Law and Policy

Environmental Science & Engineering (ES) 2026

Which ONE of the following principles is directly related to environmental compensation?

A

Intergenerational equity principle

B

Precautionary principle

C

Subsidiarity principle

D

Polluter-pay principle

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