Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves - Ocean Sciences - Engineering Sciences Previous Year Questions

1

2017 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2017

Kuroshio Current and Gulf Stream are

A

EBC, WBC

B

EBC, EBC

C

WBC, WBC

D

WBC, EBC

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2

2017 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2017

Mixed layer depths measured in the Pacific Ocean in two different years are schematically shown in the figure below.
Years P and Q belong to

A

El-Nino. Q: La-Nina

B

La-Nina. Q: El-Nino

C

El-Nino. Q: QBO

D

QBO. Q: La-Nina

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3

2017 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2017

The velocity of a tsunami wave in an ocean basin of depth 1 km is _________ m s⁻¹

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4

2017 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2017

In the month of April, the mixed layer in the Arabian Sea received a net heat flux of 50 W m⁻². If the mixed layer depth is 50 m, the increase in temperature at the end of April is ______ °C. [Density of seawater: 1025 kg m⁻³, Density of freshwater: 1000 kg m⁻³, Specific heat of seawater: 4200 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹, Latent heat of evaporation: 2.45 × 10⁶ J kg⁻¹]

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5

2017 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2017

Sea surface height anomalies at the locations A, B, C and D are -10, -15, 5 and 0 cm respectively.

The magnitude of geostrophic velocity at P is __________ m s^-1.
[Take 1° = 100 km, g = 10 m s^-2, Angular velocity of the Earth: 7.27 × 10^-5 rad s^-1]

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6

2018 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2018

Atmospheric vertical profile of temperature is measured by radiosonde. Equivalent instruments for measuring ocean temperature profile among the following are:
(P) drifting buoy (Q) ARGO float (R) current mooring (S) XBT

A

Q, R, S

B

Q, S

C

R, S

D

P, R, S

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7

2018 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2018

When deep water sinks in the North Atlantic and moves away from where it formed, it gets

A

richer in oxygen and nutrients

B

less acidic and richer in metals

C

richer in CO₂ and poorer in O₂

D

richer in CO₂ and O₂

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8

2018 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2018

The speed of sound in the ocean depends on

A

temperature alone

B

temperature and pressure

C

temperature and salinity

D

temperature, salinity and pressure

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9

2018 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2018

Figure below shows SST anomaly (in °C). It is associated with the phenomenon known as

A

El Nino

B

Indian Ocean dipole

C

La Nina

D

MJO

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10

2018 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2018

For an inviscid and barotropic ocean of constant depth (D), a water parcel with initial vorticity 2Ω is displaced from the equator to the north pole. Latitudinal variation of the parcel vorticity (ζ) is well represented by the curve

A

S

B

Q

C

P

D

R

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11

2018 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2018

A wave progresses up an estuary of decreasing water depth. If friction is neglected, then

A

wave amplitude decreases and wave length increases

B

wave amplitude increases and wave length decreases

C

wave amplitude decreases and wave length decreases

D

wave amplitude increases and wave length increases

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12

2018 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2018

In the Ekman flow limit, directions of ocean surface current and the geostrophic wind are

A

the same

B

surface current is 45° to the left of the geostrophic wind

C

surface current is 45° to the right of the geostrophic wind

D

exactly opposite to each other

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13

2018 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2018

If difference in sea surface elevation is 1 m in 100 km at 30° N latitude, the corresponding geostrophic current is _________ m s^-1. (Give the answer to one decimal place.) Take g = 9.8 m s^-2 and angular velocity of the Earth = 7.3×10^-5 s^-1.

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14

2019 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2019

Water level in an estuary rises and falls in response to tidal forces. Assume that the only tidal period in an estuary is 12 hours. The speed of the ebb current in that estuary would be maximum

A

At high tide

B

At low tide

C

About 3 hours after high tide

D

About 6 hours after low tide

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15

2019 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2019

A tsunami is a long gravity wave, i.e. its wavelength is much larger than the depth of the ocean. A tsunami moves from point A to point B (see figure below); water depth at A is 2000 m, and water depth at B is 500 m. Assume no frictional losses. By energy conservation, \(C_g \) is constant, where \(C_g\) is group speed and \(\) is the total (potential plus kinetic) energy density of the wave field. If the amplitude of the tsunami at point A is 1 m, its amplitude at B is ________ m. (Round off to two decimal places.)

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16

2019 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2019

It rains 10 cm in a day over an ocean with a mixed layer depth of 5 m and initial salinity 30 g kg⁻¹. The rain water uniformly mixes with the existing mixed layer water. The final salinity after the rain is __________ g kg⁻¹. (Round off to one decimal place.)

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17

2019 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2019

A column of seawater from surface to 1000 m depth is initially at rest at the equator. The column is moved to 30°N with no change in column depth. In the absence of friction, the vertical component of relative vorticity of the water in the column at 30°N is ______ \( \times 10^{-5} \) s^-1. (Round off to one decimal place.)

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18

2019 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2019

Consider two north-south (i.e. meridional) sections A and B in the ocean, separated by 100 km; section B is to the east of section A (as shown in figure below). The steady northward wind stress at A and B are 0.1 N/m² and 0.2 N/m², respectively; zonal wind stress is zero everywhere. Density of seawater is 1000 kg m^-3. At 30°N, the vertical velocity at the base of the Ekman layer is ______ meters per day. (Round off to one decimal place.)

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19

2020 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2020

Consider two different cases, shown in Figures (i) and (ii) below, with two layers of water of same density on top of each other.

Which one of the following statements is true about convective plumes across the interface of the two layers?

A

Upward convective plumes in (i) and downward convective plumes in (ii)

B

Downward convective plumes in (i) and upward convective plumes in (ii)

C

No convective plume in (i) and (ii)

D

No convective plume in (i) but upward convective plumes in (ii)

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20

2020 · Engineering Sciences · Ocean Sciences · Ocean Properties, Circulation and Waves

Engineering Sciences (XE) 2020

A tsunami wave in the ocean is approaching the coast. Assuming \( g = 10 \; \text{ms}^{-2} \), the correct group speed of the wave at a depth of 1 km is

A

1 ms\(^{-1}\)

B

10 ms\(^{-1}\)

C

100 ms\(^{-1}\)

D

1000 ms\(^{-1}\)

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