Python Programming and Data Structures - Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms - Data Science & Artificial Intelligence Previous Year Questions

1

2024 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science & Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2024

The fundamental operations in a double-ended queue D are:
insertFirst(e) – Insert a new element e at the beginning of D.
insertLast(e) – Insert a new element e at the end of D.
removeFirst() – Remove and return the first element of D.
removeLast() – Remove and return the last element of D.
In an empty double-ended queue, the following operations are performed:
insertFirst(10)
insertLast(32)
a ← removeFirst()
insertLast(28)
insertLast(17)
a ← removeFirst()
a ← removeLast()
The value of a is ______.

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2

2024 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science & Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2024

Consider the following Python code:
def count(child_dict, i): if i not in child_dict.keys(): return 1 ans = 1 for j in child_dict[i]: ans += count(child_dict, j) return ans child_dict = dict() child_dict[0] = [1,2] child_dict[1] = [3,4,5] child_dict[2] = [6,7,8] print(count(child_dict, 0))
Which ONE of the following is the output of this code?

A

6

B

1

C

8

D

9

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3

2024 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science & Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2024

Consider the function \(\text{computeS}(X)\) whose pseudocode is given below:
computeS(X) S[1] ← 1 for i ← 2 to length(X) S[i] ← 1 if X[i-1] ≤ X[i] S[i] ← S[i] + S[i-1] end if end for return S
Which ONE of the following values is returned by the function \(\text{computeS}(X)\) for \(X = [6, 3, 5, 4, 10]\)?

A

[1, 1, 2, 3, 4]

B

[1, 1, 2, 3, 3]

C

[1, 1, 2, 1, 2]

D

[1, 1, 2, 1, 5]

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4

2024 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science & Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2024

Consider the following Python function:
def fun(D, s1, s2):
if s1 < s2:
D[s1], D[s2] = D[s2], D[s1]
fun(D, s1+1, s2-1)
What does this Python function fun() do? Select the ONE appropriate option below.

A

It finds the smallest element in D from index s1 to s2, both inclusive.

B

It performs a merge sort in-place on this list D between indices s1 and s2, both inclusive.

C

It reverses the list D between indices s1 and s2, both inclusive.

D

It swaps the elements in D at indices s1 and s2, and leaves the remaining elements unchanged.

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5

2024 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science & Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2024

Let \( H, I, L \), and \( N \) represent height, number of internal nodes, number of leaf nodes, and the total number of nodes respectively in a rooted binary tree.
Which of the following statements is/are always TRUE?

A

\(L \leq I + 1 \)

B

\(H + 1 \leq N \leq 2^{H+1} - 1 \)

C

\(H \leq I \leq 2^H - 1 \)

D

\(H \leq L \leq 2^{H-1} \)

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6

2025 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science & Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2025

Consider the following Python declarations of two lists.
A = [1, 2, 3]
B = [4, 5, 6]
Which one of the following statements results in A = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]?

A

extend(B)

B

append(B)

C

update(B)

D

insert(B)

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7

2025 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science & Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2025

Consider the following Python code snippet.

A={"this","that"}
B={"that","other"}
C={"other","this"}
while "other" in C:
    if "this" in A:
        A,B,C=A-B,B-C,C-A
    if "that" in B:
        A,B,C=C|A,A|B,B|C
When the above program is executed, at the end, which of the following sets contains "this"?

A

Only A

B

Only B

C

Only C

D

A, C

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8

2025 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science & Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2025

Consider the following Python code snippet.
def f(a,b):
if (a==0):
return b
if (a%2==1):
return 2*f((a-1)/2,b)
return b+f(a-1,b)
print(f(15,10))The value printed by the code snippet is __________(Answer in integer)

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9

2025 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science & Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2025

Consider the following pseudocode.
Create empty stack S
Set x=0, flag=0, sum=0
Push x onto S
while (S is not empty) {
if (flag equals 0) {
Set x = x+1
Push x onto S}
if (x equals 8) :
Set flag=1
if (flag equals 1) {
x = Pop(S)
if (x is odd) :
Pop(S)
Set sum = sum + x}
}
Output sumThe value of sum output by a program executing the above pseudocode is _________(Answer in integer)

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10

2026 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2026

Consider the given Python program.

def append_to_lst(val, lst=[]):
    lst.append(val)
    return lst
print(append_to_lst(1))
print(append_to_lst(2))
print(append_to_lst(3, []))

Which of the following is the correct output of this program?

A

[1]
[2]
[3]

B

[1]
[1, 2]
[3]

C

[1]
[2]
[1, 2, 3]

D

[1]
[1, 2]
[1, 3]

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11

2026 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2026

A recursive function in Python is given.
def mystery(n):
if n <= 0:
return 1
else:
return mystery(n-1) + mystery(n-2)Now, consider the following function call:
mystery(4)
Assume that a typical runtime stack is used to manage function calls. Each function call is pushed onto the stack and removed only after it finishes execution.
Which of the following options denotes the total number of function calls (i.e., the total number of stack activations), including the initial call, to compute mystery(4)?

A

5

B

9

C

15

D

17

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12

2026 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2026

Consider the given Python program.
def outer():
    x = []
    def inner(val):
        x.append(val)
    return x
    return inner
f1 = outer()
f2 = outer()
print(f1(10))    # Line P
print(f1(20))    # Line Q
print(f2(30))    # Line R
print(f1(40))    # Line S
Which of the following options is/are correct?

A

f1 and f2 share the same list x

B

Output of Line Q is [10, 20]

C

Output of Line R is [10, 20, 30]

D

Output of Line S is [10, 20, 40]

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13

2026 · Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms · Python Programming and Data Structures

Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (DA) 2026

Consider the given Python program.

def fun(L, i=0):
if i >= len(L)-1:
return 0
if L[i] > L[i+1]:
L[i+1], L[i] = L[i], L[i+1]
return 1+fun(L, i+1)
else:
return fun(L, i+1)

data = [5, 3, 4, 1, 2]
count = 0
for _ in range(len(data)):
count += fun(data)
print(count)

The output of the program is __________ . (Answer in integer)

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