Biopotential and Physiological Measurements - Sensors and Bioinstrumentation - Biomedical Engineering Previous Year Questions

1

2020 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2020

The number of electrodes used in recording standard 12-lead Electrocardiogram (ECG) is

A

13

B

12

C

11

D

10

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2

2020 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2020

During a non-invasive measurement of blood pressure, mean arterial pressure was observed to be 100 mm Hg. If systolic pressure is 150 mm Hg, the diastolic pressure would be

A

110 mm Hg

B

75 mm Hg

C

70 mm Hg

D

50 mm Hg

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3

2021 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2021

In comparison to ECG amplifiers, the surface-EMG amplifiers have

A

A comparable gain and smaller bandwidth

B

A comparable gain and larger bandwidth

C

At least 20 dB higher gain and a larger bandwidth

D

At least 20 dB lower gain and a smaller bandwidth

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4

2021 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2021

An inexperienced clinician was measuring the cardiac output of a healthy human by thermodilution technique. A 2.0 mL of cold saline solution of volume (V_i) at 7 °C was injected at the entrance of the right atrium. The change in blood temperature (∫₀^t1 ΔT_b dt) at the pulmonary artery was measured to be −20 Kelvin. second. The cardiac output F was calculated using the following formula
F = Q / (ρ_bc_b ∫₀^t1 ΔT_b dt)
where Q is the heat content of injectate in Joules, given by V_iΔT_iρ_ic_i and ΔT_i is the temperature difference between the injectate and blood. It was assumed that the density of blood (ρ_b in kg/m³) and the specific heat capacity of blood (c_b in J/(kg. K)) were respectively equal to that of the injectate ρ_i and c_i.
The clinician realized that there was an error in the measurement of F. Which of the following is TRUE?

A

Cardiac output is too low because the cold saline volume was too small

B

Cardiac output is too low because ∫₀^t1 ΔT_b dt is too large

C

Cardiac output is too high because the cold saline volume was too large

D

Cardiac output is too high because ∫₀^t1 ΔT_b dt is too small

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5

2021 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2021

In a radioactive isotope, N nuclei are needed to produce radioactivity level of 2 mCi. Assuming decay constant of 3.22 × 10⁻⁵ s⁻¹ and atomic weight of 98 g/mol and Avogadro's number = 6.02 × 10²³ mol⁻¹, the mass of N radionuclide is ________ picograms. (rounded off to the nearest integer)

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6

2022 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2022

Which of the following statements related to biomedical measurements are TRUE?

A

Electrical activity of neurons in the peripheral nervous system can be measured by ENG

B

Electrical activity of the retina in response to light stimulus can be measured using EOG

C

In a human EEG, Gamma waves are high frequency waves compared to Beta, Delta, and Theta waves

D

P wave in ECG manifests ventricular repolarization

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7

2023 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2023

Which one of the following techniques makes use of Korotkoff sounds?

A

Sphygmomanometry

B

Audiometry

C

Spirometry

D

Tonometry

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8

2024 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2024

In a catheter-sensor system to measure blood pressure (P) as shown in the below figure, the liquid resistance (R_L) of the catheter is due to friction between shearing molecules flowing through the catheter. Which of the following is TRUE for R_L if only the radius of the catheter is doubled. Assume that the pressure difference across the catheter segment is fixed.

A

R_L will decrease by 16 times

B

R_L will decrease by 8 times

C

R_L will decrease by 4 times

D

R_L will decrease by 2 times

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9

2024 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2024

A neurologist needs to observe the alpha wave in EEG recordings of a patient. The system block diagram with ideal filter blocks is shown below. Which one of the following design choices is correct?

A

fh = 8 Hz, fl = 12 Hz, fs = 12 Hz

B

fh = 4 Hz, fl = 6 Hz, fs = 24 Hz

C

fh = 6 Hz, fl = 4 Hz, fs = 12 Hz

D

fh = 8 Hz, fl = 12 Hz, fs = 48 Hz

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10

2024 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2024

Which of the following is/are TRUE for a surface electromyography (sEMG) signal of a muscle experiencing fatigue?

A

The median frequency of power spectral density of sEMG will decrease.

B

The median frequency of power spectral density of sEMG will increase.

C

The root mean square (RMS) value of sEMG will increase.

D

The root mean square (RMS) value of sEMG will decrease.

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11

2024 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2024

The bandwidth of ECG signal ranges from 0.5 Hz to 100 Hz. If a single ADC is used to digitize data from 8 ECG channels then the minimum ADC sampling rate is ______ Hz. Give your answer rounded off to the nearest integer.

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12

2024 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2024

A bio-potential signal of \(4\,\text{mV}\) on the skin surface was fed to an amplifier with a differential gain of \(2000\). The noise in the signal is \(1000\,\text{mV}\). If the amplifier output produces a noise output of \(200\,\text{mV}\), the common mode rejection ratio of the amplifier is ______ dB. Give your answer rounded to the nearest integer.

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13

2024 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2024

In a motor nerve conduction velocity experiment, the distance between the distal and the recording sites is \(4\,\text{cm}\) and the distance between the proximal and the recording sites is \(24\,\text{cm}\). The distal and proximal latencies were recorded as \(6\,\text{ms}\) and \(10\,\text{ms}\), respectively. The nerve conduction velocity is ______ meters per second. Give your answer rounded off to the nearest integer.

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14

2025 · Biomedical Engineering · Sensors and Bioinstrumentation · Biopotential and Physiological Measurements

Biomedical Engineering (BM) 2025

A low pass filter with cutoff frequency of 250 Hz is NOT suitable for recording __________.

A

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

B

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

C

Electromyogram (EMG)

D

Electrooculogram (EOG)

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