Chapter 1: Business, Trade and Commerce

Activities that facilitate the exchange of goods and services are referred to as auxiliaries to trade. Two examples are given below:

1. Banking and Finance: Funds are necessary for acquiring assets, purchasing raw materials and meeting other expenses. These funds can be obtained from a bank. Therefore, banking helps business activities to meet the required funds.

2. Advertising: It is an important component of marketing that involves the promotion of products, and accurate promotion helps reach potential viewers, which will result in sales.

Profit is the only purpose for which business is done. Without profit, a business will not sustain itself for a long time. For a business to operate on a regular basis, a part of the profit needs to be reinvested. It helps in the growth of the business. The role of profit in a business is that it is necessary for the expansion of the business.

Business risk refers to the possibility of earning inadequate profits or sustaining losses due to unforeseen or unexpected circumstances. It can happen when the demand for a particular product declines due to increased competition or changes in customer preferences.

The nature of business risks are:

1. Profit related to risk: Profit is obtained as a reward for the risk taken in business.

2. Degree of risk taken depends upon the scale of operation of the business.

3. Risk is an essential part of any business.

4. Business risk arises due to uncertainties in business.